Kuki dukeneye gusudira insinga za laser?

Ugereranyije n'uburyo gakondo bwo gusudira,gusudira hakoreshejwe laserifite ibyiza bikomeye - ubushyuhe buke, umuvuduko wo gusudira vuba, agace gato kagizweho ingaruka n'ubushyuhe,

Mu myaka ya vuba aha, gusudira hakoreshejwe laser byakoreshejwe cyane mu nganda z'imodoka, mu nganda z'ubwubatsi bw'amato, mu nganda z'ingufu za kirimbuzi, mu by'indege

Inganda z’indege n’izindi nganda zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rihanitse zirushaho gukoreshwa cyane, kandi hamwe n’igabanuka ry’ikiguzi cy’ibikoresho byuzuye, mu bikoresho bya buri munsi by’ibikoresho

Kandi izindi porogaramu zijyanye n'ubuzima zatangiye kwiyongera cyane. Ariko icyarimwe, gusudira hakoreshejwe laser imwe na byo bifite inenge zimwe na zimwe,

Ntibishobora guhaza ibikenewe byinshi bitandukanye: icya mbere, ibisabwa mu gusudira hakoreshejwe laser imwe ku gice cyo guteranya ubushuhe ni bikomeye cyane,

Ubusanzwe bisaba kugira icyuho kiri munsi ya mm 0.2, bitabaye ibyo biragoye kugira ngo ubone umurongo mwiza wo guhuza; Icya kabiri,gusudira hakoreshejwe laser imweirakomera cyane ku miyoboro yo gusudira

Biroroshye cyane gutera gucika kw'imashini, kandi imiterere y'imashini ntishobora guhindurwa kugira ngo igenzure ivuka ry'imashini; Icya gatatu, imwe

Gusudira hakoreshejwe laser bisaba laser ifite imbaraga nyinshi cyane iyo usudira ibyuma binini, kandi ubushobozi bwo kwinjiramo bushingiye gusa ku mbaraga za laser.

Kandi ubwiza bw'ubusoda ntibushobora kwemezwa burundu.

Kugira ngo habeho ibyifuzo by'iterambere ry'inganda zitandukanye, uburyo bwo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser nabwo bwaranogejwe, kandi iterambere rijyanye nabyo ryarateguwe, nk'uko iyi ngingo ibivuga.

Uburyo bwo gusudira insinga za laser n'ubundi buryo bwo gusudira burasobanurwa. Gusudira insinga za laser bikorwa hashingiwe ku gusudira insinga imwe ya laser,

Ugereranyije no gusudira hakoreshejwe laser imwe, ifite ibyiza bifatika:

①Gabanya cyane ibisabwa mu guteranya igikoresho, kuko insinga zo gusudira zongewe mu gikorwa cyo gusudira, icyuma cyo gusudira kizongera cyane kandi gishobora guterwamo ikiraro.

Huza n'icyuho kinini cy'ubushuhe, mu gihe uhuze wuzuye cyane;

Imiterere y'imiterere mito y'agace karimo gusudira ishobora kugenzurwa, kuko imiterere y'insinga yo gusudira itandukanye n'iy'ibikoresho by'ibanze by'aho isudira ihurira.

Nyuma y’uko insinga ishyizwe muri pisine yo gusudira, ubwiza, imiterere n’ingano bya pisine yo gusudira bishobora guhindurwa kugira ngo bigenzure inzira yo gukomera no gushyiraho imiterere mito.

(3) Ingufu zikoreshwa mu gukurura ni nto, agace kagizweho ingaruka n'ubushyuhe n'ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe ni bike, ibyo bikaba byoroshye cyane gusudira igikoresho cy'akazi hakurikijwe ibisabwa bikomeye byo guhindagurika;

④ishobora kugera ku bikoresho bito byo gusudira hakoreshejwe imbaraga za laser, kubera ko insinga yo gusudira yongewe mu nzira yo gusudira, gusudira inshuro nyinshi bishobora kugerwaho, kandi

Ibyuma byo gusudira bizagurwa cyane, kugira ngo aho gusudira hashobore gufungurwa kugira ngo ingano nyayo y'aho gusudira igabanuke.

Ubunini bwa laser welding, hanyuma ugakora ibikoresho byinshi byo gusudira ibyuma bya laser welding.

Itandukaniro riri hagati yo gusudira insinga za laser no gusudira insinga za laser

Imiterere yo gusudira insinga za laser igaragara ku Ishusho ya 1, itandukanye n'uburyo bwo gusudira insinga za laser bugaragara ku Ishusho ya 2. Ibintu by'ibanze by'uburyo bwombi bwo gusudira ni

Bihuje, bigizwe n'umuraba wa laser, insinga zo gusudira, ibice byo gusudira, gazi irinda bitewe n'ibikenewe by'ukuri kugira ngo hafatwe icyemezo cyo kongeramo, cyangwa se bikubiyemo

Kandi ibikoresho by'ingenzi ni imashini ikoresha insinga, imashini ikoresha ubushuhe, umutwe w'imbunda yoroshye, umutwe wo gusudira, na laser ifite imbaraga nyinshi.

Igishushanyo cya 1 Gusudira insinga za laser

Igishushanyo cya 2: Insinga za laser

Nubwo nta tandukaniro riri mu buryo bwo hanze bw'uburyo bubiri bwo gusudira, hari itandukaniro rinini mu buryo bw'ibanze. Mu gusudira insinga za laser,

Muri rusange, laser ikoresha laser ifite imbaraga nyinshi, nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 3, laser ntabwo ikenera gusa insinga yo gusudira, ahubwo inakeneye gushongesha icyuma cyo hasi no muri

Ingaruka zidasanzwe zo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser deep penetration zikorwa ku cyuma cyo hasi, zigakora ikidendezi cyo gushonga cyimbitse, kandi imiterere y'insinga yo gusudira ivanze neza n'imiterere y'icyuma cyo hasi.

Hakozwe ikidendezi gishya cya hybrid, kandi imiterere y'ibintu, ingano n'ubwiza bya hybrid blend biruta iby'insinga zo gusudira n'ibikoresho by'ibanze.

Bityo, insinga ikwiye yo gusudira ishobora kongerwa mu gikorwa cyo gusudira hakurikijwe inenge z'imikorere y'ibikoresho by'ibanze ubwabyo, kugira ngo hongerwe imikorere myiza yo gusudira.

Ku rwego rwo kureba, ubushobozi bwo kudacikamo ibice, kudacikamo umunaniro, kudacikamo ingese, kudashira n'ibindi bice by'ubusoda biranozwa ku bushake.

Byongeye kandi, gusudira insinga za laser bishobora gukoreshwa mu gusudira hakoreshejwe imiyoboro myinshi, kuko bishobora kugera ku gusudira byimbitse hamwe n'umwobo muto, ibyo bikaba byagerwaho.

Guhuza neza ibice bibiri byo hasi by'urushinge rw'ubudodo birinda inenge zikomeye zo kudahuza, bityo rukaba rufite ubushobozi bwo guhuza ingingo nini.

Igiheinsinga ya laserGukoresha icyuma gishyushya, muri rusange icyo cyuma gikoresha icyuma gishyushya imitsi gifite imbaraga nyinshi, nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 4

Ku nsinga zo gusudira, ni ingano nto cyane ya laser ikora kuri weld hanyuma igashongesha icyuma gito ku buso bw'imashini, kandi ikidendezi cyo gushonga gihita gishonga iyo gishongeshejwe.

Insinga zo gusudira zirakorwa, bityo imikorere y'insinga zo gusudira iterwa ahanini n'imiterere y'insinga zo gusudira n'urukuta rwo gusudira rwashongeshejwe ku isudira.

Intego nyamukuru yo gushyira insinga za laser ni ukugira ngo habeho imbaraga runaka zo guhuza urusobe rw'insinga

Kandi gufunga no gufunga insinga za laser ntibishobora gusudira hakoreshejwe imiyoboro myinshi, ibice bibiri byo hejuru n'ibyo hasi by'ubushuhe ntibishobora gukomera.

Ubu imaze guhuzwa neza kandi neza, imiterere y'ingingo ni mibi cyane.

Ahantu ho gusudira insinga za laser hakoreshwa

Bitewe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ryo gusudira insinga za laser no kongera umupaka w'ingufu za laser, urwego rw'ikoreshwa ryagusudira insinga za laser

Birushaho kuba byinshi, cyane cyane muri ibi bikurikira:

Gusudira insinga za laser muri aloyi ya aluminiyumu

Muri rusange, kubera ko aluminiyumu ubwayo ifite ubushobozi bwo kugarura urumuri kuri lazeri kandi ikaba ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bwinshi, aluminiyumu irasukwa na lazeri.

Iyo ingufu za laser zikenewe ari nyinshi, ibi bizatuma ibintu bishyuha bike mu byuma bya aluminiyumu (nka Mg, Zn, nibindi) bitakaza imbaraga nyinshi zo gushya,

Muri icyo gihe, ubushyuhe buke bw'icyuma cyashongeshejwe bigira ingaruka ku miterere y'ubukonje bw'icyuma, kandi izi mpamvu zizatuma habaho aloyi za aluminiyumu zo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser.

Ibibazo byinshi - imiterere mibi y'ingingo zo gusonera, ingirabuzimafatizo mbi zo gusonera, imyenge n'imyanya bikomeye. Ahubwo, laser ikoreshwa mu kuzuza insinga.

Gusudira aloyi ya aluminiyumu bizakemura ibibazo nk'ibi ku buryo bugaragara:

①Gusudira insinga za laser bishobora kunoza igabanuka ry'ubuso bw'ubusudi, bikananoza neza ubusudiUbwoko, kandi uburyo bwo gusudira buto;

②Kongeramo insinga zo gusudira ntibishobora kugira ingaruka gusa ku cyerekezo cya kristu z’ubudodo bw’ubudodo mu gusudira, ahubwo binagabanya ubudodoUburyo bwo guhuza kristale buterwa no gukura kw'ikirahure cy'inkingi y'inyuma butuma ibintu bihinduka, kandi bunatuma igipimo cyo kwinjiza ibintu muri laser kirushaho kwiyongera.

Uko ubugari bw'ingufu bushonga bwiyongera, ubukomere buto bugabanuka gato, kandi imbaraga zo gukurura no kurekura kw'ingingo bizaba ingenzi hakurikijwe ibipimo by'imikorere myiza.

Kunoza; (3) Gusudira hakoreshejwe ibipimo byabugenewe ntibishobora kubona inenge zigaragara imbere, ubukomere bwa HV60 cyangwa irenga, na HAZ yo mu ngingo

Nta buryo bworoshye bugaragara bw'aho umugozi uhurizwa mu gace, kandi aho wacitse haba mu gice cy'ibanze cy'ibikoresho mu gihe cyo gupima.

Gusudira insinga za laser mu byuma bitandukanye

Ku bintu bimwe na bimwe bigoye gukoreramo cyangwa hashingiwe ku kiguzi, akenshi biba ngombwa kugira ibice byinshi by'igikorwa icyarimwe.

Imiterere yihariye, nko kurwanya ingese, imbaraga nyinshi, kurwanya ubushyuhe, kurwanya kwangirika, ubwikorezi bwinshi, gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe neza, nibindi, ariko inyinshi muri zo

Ibikoresho by'icyuma ntibishobora kugira imiterere yihariye myinshi icyarimwe, kandi ibikoresho by'icyuma bifite imiterere yihariye akenshi biba

Ni nke kandi zirahenze, ntizishobora gukoreshwa ku bwinshi, bityo niba ushobora gukora ibikoresho bitandukanye bifite imiterere yihariye kugira ngo uhuze neza, noneho

Ishobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu ikoreshwa. Itandukaniro mu miterere y'umubiri n'iya shimi y'ibikoresho by'icyuma bitandukanye muri rusange ni rinini, ibyo bikaba bitabura kubaho mu gikorwa cyo gusudira

Ikorwa ry'ibinyabutabire bivanze n'ibyuma, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere y'ingingo zivanze n'ibyuma bivanze n'ibyuma, bizatuma ibyo binyabutabire byoroha cyane kubikora.

Biragoye cyane gukoresha laser imwe mu buryo butaziguye kugira ngo uhuze ingingo z'ibyuma bitandukanye, kandi uburyo ikora biragoye kugenzura.

Ingorane mu kororoka. Umubare munini w'abahanga n'inzobere basanze gusudira insinga za laser ari byiza mu gusudira ibyuma bitandukanye, kandi amahitamo arakwiye.

Insinga y'umunyungugu ishobora kubuza ikorwa ry'ibinyabutabire bihuza ibyuma ku rugero runaka, kandi ishobora kunoza cyane imikorere y'ingingo zisutswe.

Imikorere:

①Ihuriro rya Mg/Cu risukwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa laser filth filling welding rishobora gukorwa neza hakurikijwe ibipimo by'imikorere bikwiye.Ingufu ntarengwa zo gukata ingingo z'ibyuma bitandukanye zifite imbaraga runaka zishobora kugera kuri 164.2MPa, bingana na 64% by'icyuma gishingiye ku ruganda rwa manyeziyumu.

② Ubusudi bw'urukuta rwa Al/Ti n'urukuta rw'amatako byigwa, kandi ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bigaragaza ko inzira yo gusudira ihamye kandi ikora iyo hakoreshejwe ahantu hafite urumuri rw'urukiramende.Ni nziza, ifite imiterere itandukanye y’imikorere, ifite ubuziranenge bwo gusudira, imbaraga zayo zo gukurura zigera kuri 94% by’icyuma gishingiyeho cya aluminum alloy;Kunoza uburyo bwo gusuka ibintu.Ku bikoresho bikora ku buryo bwo guterura, iyo ubushuhe busenyutse, ubunini bwabwo buzagabanuka, kandi imiterere ya mekanike izagabanuka iyo ubushuhe buruma.

Bizatuma habaho stress nyinshi ku nkengero z'umuyoboro, kandi imiterere ya mekanike izagabanuka. Ku gikoresho gifite isura ikenewe, niba umuyoboro usenyutse

Gufata cyangwa kuruma inkombe bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku maso kandi ntibyemewe. Kugira ngo ubushuhe bube bwuzuye, gusudira insinga za laser

Ni uburyo bwiza cyane, kubera ko insinga yo gusudira ivanze muri pisine ishongeshejwe, ishobora kongera neza ingano y'ipine ishongeshejwe, hanyuma ikareba ko isudi yuzuye.

Ikosa ryo kuruma.

Ku gikoresho gifite icyuho kinini cy'ingingo (muri rusange≥0.3mm), gusudira hakoreshejwe laser imwe biragoye kugira ngo bihuzwe neza, kandi bishobora kuzuzwa gusa

Ibikoresho by'inyongera bishobora kuzuza icyuho cyo gusudira, bityo gusudira insinga za laser ni igisubizo cyiza cyane.

Gusudira udupfunyika duto duto

Gusudira insinga za laser zifite icyuho gito bishobora gutuma amasahani aciriritse n'anini asudira neza hakoreshejwe laser nto n'iziciriritse, atari gusa kongeramo gusudira.

Insinga zo guhindura imiterere n'imiterere y'icyuma gisukwa, kunoza imikorere rusange y'igice gisukwa, ariko nanone kunoza imiterere ya laser imwe yo gusukwa

Uburyo bwo guhangana n'ikosa ry'aho umunwa uhagarara, n'aho ubushyuhe bugera ni buto, kandi uburemere bw'ingingo ihambiriyeho nabwo ni buto, bugira akazi gakomeye.

Kubera iyo mpamvu, mu myaka ya vuba aha, impuguke n'abahanga benshi bakoze ubushakashatsi bujyanye nabyo:

①Gukoresha insinga za laser zifunga imiyoboro myinshiUburyo bwo gusudira bwasutsweho icyuma cya Q345D gifite ubugari bwa mm 40, ibisubizo bigaragaza ko ibipimo by'uburyo bwo gusudira bikwiye bishobora kugira ishusho nziza,

Igice gishongeshejwe kidafite imyenge, nta nenge nko kudahuza, ubukana bw'aho hagati mu gushongesha ni bwiza, kandi imbaraga zo gukurura zacyo ziruta iz'ibikoresho by'ibanze;

②Icyuma cya rotor gifite ubugari bwa mm 50 cyasutswe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa "narrow-gap laser wire filling multi-pass welding", kandi ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi byagaragaje ko ibipimo by'uburyo bwo gusudira byari bikwiye.

Ishobora gukora neza, nta busembwa nko kudahuza urukuta rwo ku ruhande, gukomera kw'ingingo kugabanuka, ariko imbaraga zayo zo gukurura ziruta iz'umubyeyi.

Ibabi;③Ubucukuzi bw'insinga za laser zifite ubugari bwa mm 20 na 5083 bwa aluminiyumu burigwa, kandi ibisubizo bigaragaza ko ibipimo by'uburyo bwo gusudira bikwiye

Uruhu ruvanze rufite imyenge mike kandi nta nenge nk'iyo rudahuza rushobora kuboneka.

Ingero z'ibikoresho n'ibyifuzo ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo gukoresha

1. Imanza zo gusaba

Kunoza uburyo bwo gutunganya ubushuhe

Ibisabwa: Gusudira icyuma kitagira imirasire cya mm 1 na mm 3, umushongi wo gusudira ukenewe kugira ngo nta myenge urimo, kandi uburyo bwo gushushanya ni bwiza.

Ibikoresho: RFL-C4000 (umurambararo w'ibanze wa fibre 200)μm), icyuma gitanga insinga, umutwe wo gusudira.

Imbonerahamwe ya 5 Ibyifuzo ku miterere n'ingano y'imirongo

Ibisubizo: Uburyo bwo gushushanya bwari bwiza kandi ubushuhe nta myenge bwari bufite, nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 5.

Ishusho ya 5: Uburyo bwo gusuka no gutunganya ibice bitandukanye

Gusudira insinga za laser zifite icyuho gito cyane

Ibisabwa: Ibyuma bya Q345 bifite ubugari bwa mm 18 bisukwa, bisaba imyobo mike yo gusudira, nta guhuza, gukurura ingingo

Ingufu ziruta iz'ibanze, kandi uburyo bwo gusudira burushaho kuba bwiza.

Ibikoresho: RFL-C6000 (umurambararo w'ibanze wa fibre 400)μm), icyuma gitanga insinga, umutwe wo gusudira.

Ibipimo by'imikorere: aho gusudira hagomba kuba hakozwe ibara ry'umuhondo, ingano y'aho ikozwe igaragara ku Ishusho ya 6, naho ibindi bipimo by'imikorere yo gusudira bigaragara ku Imbonerahamwe ya 2.

Ishusho ya 6 Ingano y'umuyoboro

Ibisubizo: Uburyo bwo gushushanya bwari bwiza, nta gutandukanya kwabayeho, kandi ubushuhe nta myenge bwari bufite, nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 7, kandi ikizamini cyo gukurura cyakozwe

Byagaragaye ko ubushuhe buca mu bikoresho by'ibanze, bigaragaza ko imbaraga zo gukurura z'igice cy'ibanze ziruta iz'ibikoresho by'ibanze.

ISHUSHO YA 7 Ishusho ya Metallographic y'igice cy'ubuso bw'amazi

2. Igitekerezo ku bikoresho n'ibipimo by'imikorere

Kunoza ikorwa ry'ubushuhe n'ubwiza

Ku bijyanye no gusudira insinga za laser zo mu gice cyo hasi cy’amatako hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bisanzwe, kugira ngo kunoze imiterere y’ubushuhe, muri rusange ni byiza ko umurambararo wa laser na fiber core,

Umutwe wo gusudira ugomba gushyirwaho kugira ngo urebe neza ko umurambararo w'ahantu ho guterera (focusing spot) uri hagati ya mm 0.4 na mm 0.6, kandi insinga yo gusudira igomba gutoranywa ifite urwego rukwiye.

Izindi parametre zo gusudira zigaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 2 n'iya 3.

Gusudira insinga za laser zifite icyuho gito cyane

Ku bijyanye no gusudira insinga za laser zifunga ahantu hanini hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa "multi-pass welding" bw'igice cy'ubugari buri hagati, muri rusange ni byiza ko umurambararo w'ahantu ho gucengera ari 0.6mm ~ 1.0mm, kandi

Kandi insinga yo gusudira igomba guhitamo urwego rukwiye, byongeye kandi, ingano y'umuyoboro w'ingingo igomba kuba ifite imiterere ikwiye, ingano y'umuyoboro ntigomba kuba nini cyane,

Bitabaye ibyo, biroroshye gutuma habaho kudahuza imbere mu gice cyo gusudira, kandi ingano rusange y'umuyoboro isabwa igaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 5; Umubare w'amasaro ugomba gushingira ku ngingo ntarengwa

Ubunini bunini kugira ngo hamenyekane, isudi ya mbere yo hasi irasabwa gukoresha ubushobozi ntarengwa bwo gusudira bw'ibikoresho kugira ngo hamenyekane, nyuma ya buri bujyakuzimu bwa kimwe

Muri rusange 3mm ~ 5mm; Ku bijyanye n'ibipimo by'uburyo bwo gusudira bikoreshwa kuri buri saro, ni ngombwa kwishingikiriza ku burebure bwabyo bukenewe bwo gusudira n'igihe

Ubugari bw'inzira yo gusudira imbere buragenwa. Iyo ubugari bw'inzira yo gusudira ari bunini, ingano yo gukuraho icyerekezo igomba kongerwa ku rugero ruciriritse kugira ngo hirindwe ko urukuta rwo ku ruhande rwananirwa kwihuza.