Gusudira hakoreshejwe laser ni iki? Ni izihe nyungu z'imashini zisudira hakoreshejwe laser?

Gusudira hakoreshejwe laser ni iki? Ni izihe nyungu zaImashini zo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser?

Gusudira hakoreshejwe laser ni uburyo bwo gusudira bukoresha icyuma gikoresha laser gifite ingufu nyinshi cyibanda ku gace ko gusudira kugira ngo gishongeshe vuba ibikoresho byo mu gace kandi kibe ikigega gishongeshejwe. Iyo ikigega gikonje, ibintu birushaho kuba bifitanye isano rikomeye. Ibiranga by'ingenzi ni ingufu nyinshi, ubushyuhe bwihuse, no gukora neza kw'ibikoresho.

Nk'ibikoresho, imashini zo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser zitanga inyungu zidasanzwe mu bijyanye n'ubwiza, imikorere myiza no guhuza ibintu, zigakemura neza ibibazo byinshi byo gusudira hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa gakondo. Ibisobanuro birambuye ni ibi bikurikira:

Ubwa mbere: Icyo ari cyo by'ukuriGusudira hakoreshejwe laser?

Ihame ryo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser rishobora kugabanywamo ibice bitatu gusa:

Imashini ikora urumuri rwa laser ikoresha ingufu nyinshi, ikaba yibanda ku buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo igere ku bucucike bw'ingufu buri hagati ya 10⁴–10⁶ W/cm².

Umurabyo wa laser ugaragara ku buso bw'ibikoresho bigomba gusudira (nk'icyuma kitagira umugese, aluminiyumu, icyuma cya karuboni, nibindi), ugashyushya ako kanya ahantu haherereye kugeza hameze nk'aho hashongeshejwe kandi bigakora pisine ishongeshejwe.

Uko umurabyo wa laser ugenda mu nzira yateguwe, ikidendezi cyashongeshejwe kibaho buri gihe kandi gikonja vuba, amaherezo kikarema umugozi ukomeza kandi wuzuye wo gusudira kugira ngo uhuzwe neza.

Ugereranyije nagusudira arc gakondo na argon arc welding, gusudira hakoreshejwe laser ntibisaba electrodes cyangwa insinga zuzuza (insinga zikoreshwa gusa mu bihe bimwe na bimwe). Bishingiye gusa ku ngufu za laser, bigatuma ubushyuhe budakwirakwira cyane ku bikoresho.

Ibyiza by'ingenzi by'imashini zo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser

Imbaraga enye z'ingenzi zo guhaza ibyifuzo by'inganda

1. Ubwiza bwo gusudira bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru: Ubuhanga bwo hejuru, Guhindura imiterere buhoro, no kongera gukora neza

Ubushobozi bwo gusudira burushaho gukomera: Ingufu za laser zikora uduce duto two gusudira (tungana na mm 0.1) hamwe n’uburyo bumwe bwo kwinjira, imyenge n’ibice biyigize bike. Ingufu zo gukurura no kudacika kw’imitsi birushaho kwiyongeraho 20%–30% ugereranije no gusudira bisanzwe, bigatuma biba byiza cyane ku bikoresho by’ubuvuzi, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga n’ibindi bikoresho bigezweho.

Guhindura imiterere y'ibikoresho: Agace gaterwa n'ubushyuhe ni 1/5 kugeza 1/10 gusa ugereranije n'uko ubushyuhe busanzwe bukoreshwa. Iyo ubushyuhe bw'icyuma gito cya stainless gifite ubugari bwa mm 0.5, guhindagurika kw'ibyuma biragabanuka, bigagabanya uburyo bwo kugorora no gusya nyuma yo gusudira.

Isura isukuye mu buryo bwiza: Ibyuma byoroshye kandi birebire bisaba gusigwa gake cyangwa ntibikoreshwe na gato, ni byiza cyane ku bice by'ingenzi nk'ibice by'icyuma n'ibikoresho byo mu nzu.

2. Ubuhanga bwo gusudira mu buryo bwiza: Umuvuduko wihuta, ikoranabuhanga rihanitse, ikiguzi gito cy'abakozi

Umuvuduko wo gusudira mwinshi: Ubucucike bw'ingufu nyinshi butuma umuvuduko wihuta inshuro 3-5 kurusha gusudira arc isanzwe ya argon. Ku byuma bya karuboni bya mm 2, umuvuduko ushobora kugera kuri mm 10-15/s, bigagabanya cyane imikorere y'ubwinshi bw'ibikoresho.

Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora: Abasudira ba laser bashobora guhuzwa na sisitemu za CNC, amaboko ya roboti cyangwa aho umuntu arebagusudira inzira byikora, kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku mirimo y'amaboko no kwemeza ko ireme ry'imirimo rihoraho.

Uburyo bworoshye bwo gutunganya mbere: Ibisabwa ku isuku y'ubuso buhoro; amavuta yoroheje cyangwa oxide bishobora gukurwaho hakoreshejwe ingufu za laser, bigatuma igihe cyo kubitegura kigabanuka.

3. Ingano yagutse y'ikoreshwa: Ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye ku bikoresho bito/binini n'ibitandukanye

Ubushobozi bwo guhuza ibikoresho mu buryo bugari: Ihuza ibyuma bitanduye, icyuma cya karuboni, aluminiyumu, aloyi y'umuringa kandi igatuma habaho gusudira ibyuma bitandukanye (urugero: icyuma kitanduye kiva kuri karuboni, aluminiyumu iva kuri manyeziyumu), ikarenga imbogamizi z'uburyo gakondo.

Uburyo bworoshye bwo guhuza imikorere: Ikora ibice bito bito (0.1 mm) nk'udupira tw'imashini ndetse n'amasahani manini arenga mm 10 (afite imiterere ikomeye). Guhuza robo bituma habaho gusudira neza imiterere idasanzwe n'inzira zigoye, bigakorera inganda z'imodoka, ibyuma, indege n'izindi nganda.

4. Kugabanya ikiguzi cy'igihe kirekire: Kugabanya ibikoreshwa, Kubungabunga byoroshye

Ibiciro byo gukoresha bike: Nta nsinga zo gusudira cyangwa insinga nini zo kuzuza; hakenewe gaze nkeya zo kurinda (urugero: argon). Ibiciro byo gukoresha mu gihe kirekire byagabanutseho hejuru ya 30% ugereranije no gusudira mu buryo busanzwe.

Gusana byoroshye: Imiterere mito, igihe kirekire cy'imikorere y'ibice by'ingenzi (isoko ya laser, umutwe wa laser) birenga amasaha 10.000. Gusana buri gihe bikubiyemo gusa gusukura optique no kugenzura sisitemu zo gukonjesha.

Igipimo cyo gukora kiri hasi: Nta basudira b'abahanga cyane bakenewe; abakoresha bashya bashobora kumenya gukoresha ibikoresho by'ibanze mu gihe cy'ibyumweru 1-2, bigabanye kwishingikiriza ku bakozi bakuru.