Laser: Ibisobanuro, Uruhererekane rw'Inganda, Porogaramu, n'Imiterere y'Isi

Uruhererekane rw'inganda za laser

Imbere y'Uruhererekane rw'Inganda

Hagati mu ruhererekane rw'inganda

Imbere y'Uruhererekane rw'Inganda

Ibyiza n'Imiterere Y'ingenzi Ikoreshwa ry'Ikoranabuhanga rya Laser

• Mu rwego rw'ikoranabuhanga rishya mu itumanaho, rishyigikira iterambere ry'inzego nshya zo kwerekana no gutumanaho, rigatera imbere udushya mu ikoranabuhanga.
• Mu rwego rwo gukora ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, byongera urwego rw'inganda zibungabunga ibidukikije n'inganda zikora ibintu by'ubwenge, bigatera imbaraga iterambere rya gari ya moshi zihuta cyane n'ibikoresho.
• Mu rwego rushya rw'ingufu, bitera imbere iterambere ry'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zikoresha ingufu zidasanzwe hamwe n'imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi igezweho, bikihutisha ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nshya.
• Mu rwego rw'ibikoresho bishya, bituma ibikoresho bitunganywa neza, bigatanga inkunga ikomeye mu bushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ibikoresho bishya.
• Mu nganda nshya zikora ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu, binoza uburyo bwo gutunganya no gusudira ibice by'imodoka, bigateza imbere iterambere ry'inganda nshya zikora ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu.
• Mu rwego rwo kubungabunga ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije, ikoreshwa mu matara ya semiconductor, igafasha mu iterambere ry’inganda zishinzwe kubungabunga ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije.
• Mu nganda z’ibinyabuzima, binoza imikorere y’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi bigezweho, bigatera udushya mu nganda z’ibinyabuzima.

Ishusho y'Inganda za Laser ku Isi

• Ibihugu by'i Burayi: Byafashe iya mbere mu ikoranabuhanga rya laser kandi byakusanyije ubuhanga bukomeye mu bya tekiniki, bifite inyungu mu gukoresha neza cyane, kwizerwa cyane, no gukoresha ku isoko ryo ku rwego rwo hejuru (urugero, ikoranabuhanga rya semiconductor na lithography). Dukurikije amakuru y’ubushakashatsi ku isoko, inganda za laser zo mu Burayi zigize hejuru ya 30% by’isoko mpuzamahanga.
• Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika: Ifite umwanya ukomeye ku isoko mpuzamahanga mu nzego nko gushushanya chips zigezweho za optique ndetse n'ikoranabuhanga ryo guhuza silicon photonics. By'umwihariko, IPG Photonics iyoboye ku isi yose.Isoko rya laser ya fiberMuri rusange, inganda za laser zo muri Amerika zifite hafi 20% by'isoko mpuzamahanga.
• Ubuyapani na Koreya y'Epfo: Bafite imbaraga zidasanzwe mu gukora neza, ikoranabuhanga rya optique, no gukoresha mu bice bimwe na bimwe by'ingenzi. Urugero, Ubuyapani buyoboye isi mu gukora fibre optique preforms na fibre optique zidasanzwe, aho isoko mpuzamahanga rirenga 50%; Meere Company yo muri Koreya y'Epfo ifite 70% by'isoko mpuzamahanga mu byuma bisya imirasire. Ariko, amakuru nyayo ku isoko rusange ry'Ubuyapani n'inganda za laser zo muri Koreya y'Epfo biragoye kubona.
• Ubushinwa: Bufite inyungu zidasanzwe mu gukora ibikoresho bya laser kandi ni bwo bwiganje ku isoko mpuzamahanga muri uru rwego. Mu 2024, inyungu ku isoko ry’ibikoresho bya laser ku isi yari miliyari 21.8 z’amadolari y’Amerika, muri zo inyungu ku isoko ry’ibikoresho bya laser ku Bushinwa zageze kuri miliyari 89.7 z’amayuani (zingana na 56.6% by’isoko mpuzamahanga). Nyamara, iyo urebye uruhererekane rw’inganda zose (harimo ibikoresho by’ingenzi n’ibice byazo, ikorwa ry’ibikoresho bya laser byo ku rwego rwo hejuru, n’ikoreshwa rigezweho), umugabane w’isoko ry’Ubushinwa wagabanutse ukagera kuri 21% by’umubare wose w’isi.
• 

Iterambere ry'Inganda za Laser zo mu Bushinwa

Inkunga ya Politiki

Amatsinda y'inganda zo mu turere

• Ikibaya cya Wuhan Optics: Binyuze mu guhuza cyane udushya mu ikoranabuhanga n'udushya mu nganda, yubatse ahantu hanini ho guteza imbere inganda za laser zo mu Bushinwa. Ikusanya ibigo birenga 200 bya laser, bikorera ku bigo bitandukanye bya gazi, solid-state, na fiber laser bifite ingufu nyinshi, ziciriritse, n'iziciriritse. Hashyizweho uruhererekane rwuzuye rw'inganda, rukubiyemo ibikoresho bya laser byo hejuru n'ibice biyishyigikira, laser zo hagati n'ibikoresho biyishyigikira, hamwe n'ikoreshwa rya laser yo hasi.
• Pearl River Delta: Ishingiye ku busabe bw'isoko, itera inkunga ubushake bw'inganda mu gukora laser kandi igateza imbere kunoza imikoranire yose mu ruhererekane rw'inganda. Nk'isoko rinini rikoreshwa mu nganda za laser mu Bushinwa, ingano yaryo yo kohereza mu mahanga irenga 30% by'igihugu cyose. Ingano y'inganda muri aka karere ni miliyari 13 z'amayuani, bigatuma iba itsinda rya kabiri mu nganda za laser mu Bushinwa nyuma ya Wuhan.
• Bohai Rim: Ifite ubushobozi bukomeye mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ndetse n'ubukene bukomeye ku isoko. Iri soko rihagarariwe na Beijing, rikusanya umubare munini w'ibigo mu nganda z'ikoranabuhanga n'itumanaho, bigatuma habaho ubukene bukomeye ku bicuruzwa bya laser.
• Delta y'Uruzi rwa Yangtze: Ifite uruhererekane rw'inganda rwuzuye, aho inganda zisanzwe zikorera muri Shanghai, Nanjing, Wenzhou, Suzhou, Ningbo, n'indi mijyi. Inganda za laser muri aka karere zirangwa n'udushya duhuriweho mu turere dutandukanye, bigatuma habaho ireme n'imikorere myiza y'uruhererekane rw'inganda ruzamuka n'urujya n'uruza binyuze mu bigo bikomeye. Umubare w'ikoreshwa ry'ipatanti mu nzego z'ingenzi z'ikoranabuhanga nka laser zihuta cyane nasisitemu za galvanometer zikora neza cyaneMu ruzi rwa Yangtze Delta, ubwiyongere bwabyo buri kigero cya 34% buri mwaka, kandi igipimo cyo guhindura ikoranabuhanga kiri hejuru cyane ugereranyije n’ikigereranyo cy’igihugu.

1. Akamaro k'impano: Ibigo bigera kuri 18 by'amashuri makuru n'ibigo 56 by'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi byo ku rwego rw'intara n'urwa za minisiteri byibanda kuri urwo rwego, bigafasha abanyeshuri barenga 50.000 ba kaminuza buri mwaka, bigatanga impano nyinshi mu nganda za laser.
2. Akamaro k'ikoranabuhanga: Ibigo nka Wuhan Research Institute of Posts and Telecommunications na Huazhong University of Science and Technology biri ku rwego rwo hejuru mu gihugu mu ikoranabuhanga ry'itumanaho ry'amatara no gutunganya imirasire ya lazeri, bitanga inkunga ikomeye mu iterambere ry'inganda.
3. Akamaro k'Inganda: Wuhan Optics Valley yahindutse ikigo kinini cyane mu Bushinwa gikorerwamo ibikoresho bya laser n'insinga, gifite urufatiro rukomeye rw'inganda.
4. Akamaro k'Isoko: Ikigo gifite umugabane munini ku isoko ry'ibicuruzwa bya fibre optique n'insinga ndetse n'isoko ry'ibikoresho bya optoelectronic, kandi gifite umwanya mu nganda mpuzamahanga za optoelectronic, gifite amahirwe menshi ku isoko ryagutse.

Imiterere y'Isoko n'Ibice by'ingenzi by'Ibikoresho bya Laser

Imiterere y'Isoko ry'Ibikoresho bya Laser

• Gukora Bateri za Lithium: Lazeri zikoreshwa cyane mu gukora bateri za lithium. Bateri za Lithium-ion zisabwa cyane kugira ngo zigire umutekano, zihamye kandi zigire ubucucike, kandi gutunganya lazeri bifite inyungu zigaragara mu gutunganya no kunoza. Muri iki gihe, bitewe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu, hakenewe ibikoresho bya bateri za lithium, kandi ibigo bitanga bateri za lithium birimo kongera ubushobozi bwabyo bwo gukora. Bitewe n’ikoreshwa rya laser mu gukata, gusukura no gushyira ikimenyetso mu nganda za bateri za lithium, umubare w’ibikoresho bitanga bateri za lithium mu nganda zikora bateri za lithium witezwe kugera kuri 15-20% mu gihe kizaza.
• Gusukura hakoreshejwe laser no gupfuka imigozi hakoreshejwe laser: Aya masoko mashya yo gukoresha ibikoresho afite amahirwe menshi. Ugereranyije no gusukura imiti no gusya imashini, gusukura hakoreshejwe laser ni byiza ku bidukikije, ntibingiza ibidukikije, nta mwanda urimo, kandi bikora neza. Bishobora gusimbura amasoko asanzweho nko gusukura inganda no gusiga irangi ry'intoki, bifite ubushobozi bwinshi ku isoko. Amashami mashya yo gukoresha ibikoresho arimo gusukura ibisigazwa by'umuco, gusukura inyubako no gusukura imihanda.
• Inganda zikora imashini zikoresha imirasire ya photovoltaic: Ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya imirasire ya laser rishobora kunoza cyane imikorere y’uturemangingo dukoresha imirasire ya photovoltaic. Bitewe n’ibintu byiza nko kugabanuka guhoraho kw’ibiciro byo gutanga ingufu za photovoltaic n’ibikenewe mu masoko ari kuzamuka, isoko ry’isi rizakomeza kwiyongera. Gutunganya imirasire ya laser bikoreshwa mu bikorwa nko gukura, guca, gukata imirasire ya edge, no gukoresha imiti igabanya ubukana bw’izuba.

Ibice by'ingenzi bya lasers

• Imiterere y'Ikiguzi: Ukurikije imiterere y'ikiguzi cya laser, fibres zidasanzwe z'urumuri, amasoko ya pompe, n'ibikoresho by'urumuri ni byo bice by'ingenzi by'ikiguzi, birenga 80%. Muri byo, amasoko ya pompe n'imigozi yihariye y'urumuri ni byo soko ry'ingenzi ry'ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho fatizo bya lasers za fiber—muri rusange, fibres zidasanzwe z'urumuri zigize hafi 20%, naho amasoko ya pompe akagira hafi 30%.
• Ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cyo gukurikirana: Mu gusesengura ibice by'ingenzi bya laser, ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi ni urwego rw'ikorwa ry'ibi bice by'ingenzi (cyangwa aho biherereye) ryabyo. Igice kinini cy'ikorwa ry'ibintu (cyangwa aho biherereye) gituma ikiguzi cyo kugura kigabanuka vuba.
• Isoko rya pompe: Nk'isoko ry'urumuri rwa fibre lasers, amasoko ya pompes akoreshwa mu gukurura icyuma gikorera muri laser no gukurura uduce dukora kuva ku butaka kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru rw'ingufu kugira ngo abantu bagere ku rwego rwo hejuru rw'ingufu. Dukurikije itandukaniro riri hagati y'imikorere y'ibikoresho n'imikorere ya lasers, bigabanyijemo ubwoko bune: gukurura optique (gukurura optique), gukurura gaze, gukurura shimi, no gukurura ingufu za kirimbuzi. Ubwoko bwa lasers bujyanye na bwo ni fibre lasers, fibre lasers dioxide, solid-state lasers, nibindi.
• Fibres zidasanzwe z'urumuri: Ikintu cy'ingenzi gitandukanya fibres zidasanzwe z'urumuri n'izisanzwe z'urumuri ni uko zikoreshwa ku bunini bw'uburebure bwihariye. Fibres zikozwe muri Ytterbium zikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho byo gukuraho fibre lasers na fibre amplifiers, mu gihe fibres zikoreshwa mu guhuza, gufunga, n'ibindi bikoresho by'urumuri.

Iterambere ry'ejo hazaza ry'inganda zikoresha laser