Igisobanuro cya Siyansi | Umurabyo umwe w'urumuri kugira ngo umuntu agire isuku! Imashini isukura hakoreshejwe laser

Ikoranabuhanga ryo gusukura hakoreshejwe laser rikubiyemo gukaraba ahantu hakorerwa akazi ukoresheje laser ifite ingufu nyinshi kugira ngo ihindure cyangwa ikureho imyanda, ibizinga cyangwa irangi ako kanya, bityo ikureho neza imyanda iri hejuru kandi igere ku musaruro mwiza wo kuyitunganya. Laser cleaner ni igikoresho gikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya laser kugira ngo gikureho imyanda iri hejuru; gitanga laser ifite imbaraga nyinshi kugira ngo ihindure imyanda cyangwa ihindure imyanda.

Amasomo ya tekiniki

Uburyo gakondo bwo gusukura burimo gusukura hakoreshejwe imashini, gusukura hakoreshejwe imiti, no gusukura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, byose bihura n'imbogamizi zikomeye mu kurengera ibidukikije no mu buryo bunonosoye. Mu myaka ya 1980, abashakashatsi bavumbuye ko gushyira urumuri rwa laser rufite ingufu nyinshi ahantu handuye mu kintu bitera urukurikirane rw'ibikorwa bigoye bya fizikiki—harimo no guhindagura, gushonga, guhumeka no gutwika—bikuraho neza imyanda ku buso; ubu buryo buzwi nkaisuku ya laser.

Ugereranyije n'uburyo bwa gakondo bwo gusukura, sisitemu zo gusukura hakoreshejwe laser zitanga ibyiza byinshi: gukora nta gukoraho, gukora isuku neza, gukora neza cyane, gutunganya vuba, umutekano, no kubungabunga ibidukikije. Zikwiriye cyane cyane gusukura ibice bigoye cyangwa byoroshye bitangiza, bigabanya cyane igihe cyo gusukura no kongera umusaruro; kandi, ntizitanga imyanda, bityo bikagabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora.

ihame ry'imikorere

Itsindalaser ikoresha pulseikora imiyoboro y’ingufu ziciriritse kugeza kuri nyinshi, yoherezwa binyuze muri fibre optique kuri module ikora ishusho. Iyi miyoboro igaragazwa na galvanometer ifite umurongo umwe cyangwa ibiri kandi ikerekeza ku gice cy’ubwandu ku buso bw’ibikoresho, igasukura neza imyanda ifatiweho nk’ingese, irangi, ibizinga by’amavuta, ingano ya okiside, n’ibirahure binyuze mu guhumeka, gushonga k’ifoto, gushonga k’ifoto, no gutigita k’ifoto.

Imirasire ya Lazeri, hamwe n'imirasire ya elektroni n'imirasire ya iyoni, byose hamwe byitwa imirasire ifite ingufu nyinshi. Ikiranga rusange ni uko umurasire utwara ingufu nyinshi cyane mu kirere; binyuze mu kwibanda, imbaraga z'imirasire ya 10⁴ kugeza 10¹⁵ W/cm² zishobora kugerwaho hafi y'aho iherereye, bigatuma iba isoko y'ubushyuhe bukomeye cyane. Imirasire ya Lazeri igaragaza urumuri rwinshi, icyerekezo gikomeye, uburyo bwiza bwo kwerekana kimwe, no guhuza cyane. Ubusanzwe, hakoreshwa umuyoboro: umuyoboro muto w'aperture uhujwe na lazeri uyobora gaze ifite umuvuduko mu gace ko gusukura. Gazi itangwa n'isoko ry'inyongera, ahanini rifasha mu gukumira kwanduzwa n'indorerwamo z'amatara n'uduce duto, gusukura ubuso bw'aho ikorerwa, no kongera imikoranire y'ubushyuhe hagati ya lazeri n'ibikoresho.

imiterere y'imikorere

Gusukura hakoreshejwe laser mu ngandani inzira ikoresha umurasire wa laser kugira ngo imurikire ubuso bukomeye kandi ikureho ibikoresho bidakenewe. Mu gukurura ingufu ziva ku murasire wa laser, ibikoresho bigamije (urwego rw'ubuso rugomba gukurwaho) bishyuha vuba, bigatuma bishira cyangwa bigahinduka cyane. Igice kiri munsi yacyo ntigihinduka kuko gikurura ingufu nke. Mu kugenzura neza urumuri rwa laser, uburebure bw'uburebure n'igihe umurasire umara, ingano y'ibikoresho bikurwaho kuri buri murasire wa laser ishobora kugenzurwa neza cyane.

Ibyiza n'Ibyiza

Gusukura hakoreshejwe laser bikuraho gukenera imiti yose ihumanya ikirere cyangwa ibikoresho bikoreshwa, bigatuma bitangiza ibidukikije kandi bikaba bitekanye kubikoresha, hamwe n'inyungu nyinshi:

1. Kubungabunga ibidukikije – ntibisaba gukoresha imiti cyangwa imiti isukura;

2. Imyanda isukura igizwe ahanini n'ifu ikomeye, ifite ingano nto kandi yoroshye kuyikusanya no kuyikoresha;

3. Gusukura imyanda byoroshye kuyikuramo no kuyitunganya, bikora neza kandi nta ngaruka mbi bitera ku buzima bw'abantu;

4. Gusukura nta gukoraho nta kintu gisigaye cyangwa umwanda urimo;

5. Bifasha mu gusukura neza hatabayeho kwangiza substrate;

6. Nta mazi akoreshwa mu kazi asabwa; ni amafaranga y'amashanyarazi gusa, bigatuma amafaranga akoreshwa mu bikorwa no mu kubungabunga aba make.

7. Byoroshye gukora mu buryo bwikora, bigabanya imbaraga z'abakozi;

8. Bikwiriye ahantu hagoye kuhagera cyangwa ahantu hateje akaga, ndetse no ahantu hateje akaga cyangwa hateje akaga.