Uburyo bwo gukoresha laser no gushyira mu byiciro

1.Lazeri ya disiki

Igitekerezo cy’igitekerezo cyo gushushanya Disk Laser cyakemuye neza ikibazo cy’ubushyuhe bwa lasers za solid-state kandi kigera ku ruvange rwiza rw’ingufu zisanzwe, ingufu nyinshi, imikorere myiza, n’ubwiza bw’imirasire ya solid-state. Disk lasers zabaye isoko nshya y’urumuri rwa laser idasimburwa yo gutunganya mu bijyanye n’imodoka, amato, gari ya moshi, indege, ingufu n’ibindi. Ikoranabuhanga rya lasers za disiki za disiki za disiki zifite imbaraga nyinshi rifite imbaraga ntarengwa za kilowati 16 n’ubwiza bw’imirasire bwa miliyitero 8, ibyo bigatuma robot laser ikoresha kure ikora ubushuhe no gukata laser yagutse mu buryo bwihuse, bifungura amahirwe menshi ya lasers za solid-state mu bijyanye nagutunganya laser ikoresha imbaraga nyinshiIsoko ry'ibikorwa.

Ibyiza bya laser za disiki:

1. Imiterere ya modular

Lazeri ya disiki ikoresha imiterere ya modular, kandi buri modular ishobora gusimburwa vuba aho iherereye. Sisitemu yo gukonjesha na sisitemu y'urumuri bihujwe n'isoko ya laser, bifite imiterere mito, ahantu hato kandi byihuse gushyiraho no gukemura ibibazo.

2. Ubwiza bw'urumuri rwiza kandi rufite ubuziranenge

Lazeri zose za disiki za TRUMPF zirengeje 2kW zifite umusaruro wa parameter ya beam (BPP) usanzwe kuri 8mm/mrad. Lazeri ntabwo ihinduka bitewe n'impinduka mu mikorere kandi ijyanye na optike zose za TRUMPF.

3. Kubera ko ingano y'ahantu muri laser ya disiki ari nini, ubucucike bw'imbaraga z'urumuri buterwa na buri gice cy'urumuri ni buto.

Igipimo cy’ibyangiritse ku gipfundikizo cy’ibintu bikoresha optique gikunze kuba hafi 500MW/cm2, naho igipimo cy’ibyangiritse cya quartz kikaba 2-3GW/cm2. Ubucucike bw’ingufu mu cyuho cya TRUMPF disque laser resonant gikunze kuba kiri munsi ya 0.5MW/cm2, kandi ubucucike bw’ingufu ku gipfundikizo cy’urukuta kiri munsi ya 30MW/cm2. Ubucucike bw’ingufu nke nk’ubwo ntibuzangiza ibice by’urumuri kandi ntibuzana ingaruka zitari zo, bityo bigatuma habaho icyizere mu mikorere.

4. Koresha sisitemu yo kugenzura ibitekerezo by'ingufu za laser mu gihe nyacyo.

Sisitemu yo kugenzura ibitekerezo mu gihe nyacyo ishobora gutuma ingufu zigera kuri T-piece zidahindagurika, kandi ibisubizo byo gutunganya bishobora kongeramo neza. Igihe cyo gushyushya mbere ya laser ya disiki ni hafi zeru, kandi ingufu zishobora guhindurwa ni 1%–100%. Kubera ko laser ya disiki ikemura burundu ikibazo cy’ingaruka z’ubushyuhe bw’ijisho, imbaraga za laser, ingano y’aho, n’inguni yo gutandukana kw’imirasire birahamye mu cyiciro cyose cy’imbaraga, kandi imiterere y’imirasire ntihinduka.

5. Fibre y'urumuri ishobora gucomeka no gukina mu gihe laser ikomeje gukora.

Iyo fibre imwe n'imwe inaniwe, iyo usimbuye fibre y'urumuri, ugomba gufunga inzira y'urumuri rw ...

6. Ifite umutekano kandi yizewe

Mu gihe cyo gutunganya, nubwo ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho biri gutunganywa bwaba bwinshi cyane ku buryo urumuri rwa laser rugaruka muri laser, ntacyo bizagira kuri laser ubwayo cyangwa ingaruka zo gutunganya, kandi nta mbogamizi zizabaho ku gutunganya ibikoresho cyangwa uburebure bwa fibre. Umutekano w'imikorere ya laser wahawe icyemezo cy'umutekano w'Abadage.

7. Module ya pompera diode iroroshye kandi yihuta

Urupapuro rwa diode rushyizwe kuri module yo gupompa narwo ni urw’imiterere ya module. Module za diode zigira igihe kirekire cyo gukora kandi zigomba kumara imyaka 3 cyangwa amasaha 20.000. Nta gihe cyo gukora gisabwa, byaba ari ugusimbuza biteganyijwe cyangwa gusimbuza ako kanya bitewe n’impanuka itunguranye. Iyo module inaniwe, sisitemu yo kugenzura izatanga amakuru kandi ikongera imbaraga z’izindi module neza kugira ngo imbaraga za laser zikomeze guhindagurika. Umukoresha ashobora gukomeza gukora amasaha icumi cyangwa mirongo. Gusimbuza module za diode zo gupompa aho byakorewe biroroshye cyane kandi ntibisaba amahugurwa y’umukoresha.

2.2Laser ya fibre

Fiber laser, kimwe n'izindi laser, zigizwe n'ibice bitatu: gain medium (fiber doped) ishobora gukora photons, optical resonant cavity ituma photons zisubizwa inyuma kandi zigashyirwa mu buryo bworoshye muri gain medium, hamwe n'isoko rya pompe rituma photons zihinduka.

Ibiranga: 1. Fibre optique ifite igipimo cyo hejuru cy’ubuso/ubwinshi bw’amazi, ingaruka nziza zo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, kandi ishobora gukora buri gihe nta gukonjesha ku ngufu. 2. Nk’uburyo bwo kuyobora umuraba, fibre optique ifite umurambararo muto w’imbere kandi ikunze kugira imbaraga nyinshi muri fibre. Kubwibyo, fibre laser zifite ubushobozi bwo guhindura ibintu neza, urwego rwo hasi, inyungu nyinshi, n’ubugari buto bw’umurongo, kandi zitandukanye na fibre optique. Gutakaza aho bihurira ni bike. 3. Kubera ko fibre optique ifite ubworoherane bwiza, fibre laser ni nto kandi zoroshye, ziciriritse mu miterere, zihendutse, kandi zoroshye kuzishyira muri sisitemu. 4. Fibre optique ifite kandi ibipimo byinshi bishobora guhindurwa no guhitamo, kandi ishobora kubona uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu bwinshi, gukwirakwiza neza no guhagarara neza.

Icyiciro cya fibre laser:

1. Laser ya fiber isanzwe ifite ubutaka buto

2. Ibintu by’ubutaka bidasanzwe byinjijwe mu migozi y’urumuri ikora neza ubu: erbium, neodymium, praseodymium, thulium, na ytterbium.

3. Incamake ya laser itera Raman gukwirakwiza fibre: Fiber laser ni uburyo bwo guhindura uburebure bw'umuraba, bushobora guhindura uburebure bw'umuraba wa pompe mo urumuri rw'uburebure runaka no kubusohora mu buryo bwa laser. Mu buryo bufatika, ihame ryo kongera urumuri ni uguha ibikoresho bikora urumuri rw'uburebure bw'umuraba bishobora kwinjiza, kugira ngo ibikoresho bikora bibashe kwinjiza neza ingufu no gukora. Kubwibyo, bitewe n'ibikoresho bya doping, uburebure bw'umuraba bujyanye nabyo nabwo buratandukanye, kandi pompe Ibisabwa ku uburebure bw'umuraba nabyo biratandukanye.

2.3 Lazeri ya semiconductor

Laser ya semiconductor yavuguruwe neza mu 1962, igera ku musaruro uhoraho ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba mu 1970. Nyuma, nyuma yo kunoza, laser ebyiri za heterojunction na laser diodes za stripe-structured (Laser diodes) zarakozwe, zikoreshwa cyane mu itumanaho rya fibre optique, disiki optique, imashini zicapa laser, scanners laser, na laser pointers (laser pointers). Ubu nizo laser zikorwa cyane. Ibyiza bya laser diodes ni: imikorere myiza, ingano nto, uburemere bworoheje n'igiciro gito. By'umwihariko, imikorere myiza y'ubwoko bwa multiple quantum well ni 20 ~ 40%, kandi ubwoko bwa PN nabwo bugera kuri 15% ~ 25%. Muri make, imikorere myiza y'ingufu nyinshi ni cyo kintu gikomeye ikora. Byongeye kandi, uburebure bwayo bukomeza gusohora butwikira kuva kuri infrared kugeza ku mucyo ugaragara, kandi ibicuruzwa bifite optique pulse output kugeza kuri 50W (ubugari bwa pulse 100ns) nabyo byagurishijwe. Ni urugero rwa laser rworoshye cyane gukoresha nk'urumuri rwa lidar cyangwa excitation. Dukurikije inyigisho y’umugozi w’ingufu ku bintu bikomeye, urugero rw’ingufu za electron mu bikoresho bya semiconductor rukora imigozi y’ingufu. Ingufu nyinshi ni umugozi wo kuyobora, ingufu nke ni umugozi wa valence, naho imigozi ibiri itandukanywa n’umugozi ubujijwe. Iyo imigozi ibiri ya electron-hole idahuye yinjijwe muri semiconductor isubiranye, ingufu zirekurwa zirabagirana mu buryo bw’urumuri, ari na rwo rumuri rw’abatwara ibintu.

Ibyiza bya laser za semiconductor: ingano nto, uburemere bworoshye, imikorere yizewe, ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nke, imikorere myiza, n'ibindi.

2.4laser ya YAG

Laser ya YAG, ubwoko bwa laser, ni matrix ya laser ifite imiterere myiza cyane (optics, mechanics na thermal). Kimwe n'izindi laser zikomeye, ibice by'ibanze bya laser za YAG ni ibikoresho bikora kuri laser, isoko ya pompe n'umwobo wa resonant. Ariko, bitewe n'ubwoko butandukanye bwa iyoni zikoreshwa muri kristu, amasoko atandukanye ya pompe n'uburyo bwo gupompa, imiterere itandukanye y'umwobo wa resonant ukoreshwa, n'ibindi bikoresho by'imikorere bikoreshwa, laser za YAG zishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bwinshi. Urugero, hakurikijwe imiterere y'umuraba usohoka, ishobora kugabanywamo laser ya YAG ihoraho, laser ya YAG isubirwamo na laser ya pulse, nibindi; hakurikijwe uburebure bw'umurambararo, ishobora kugabanywamo laser ya YAG ya 1.06μm, laser ya YAG isubirwamo kabiri, laser ya YAG ihinduriwe frequency ya Raman na laser ya YAG ishobora guhindurwa, nibindi; hakurikijwe doping Ubwoko butandukanye bwa laser bushobora kugabanywamo laser za Nd:YAG, laser za YAG zigizwe na Ho, Tm, Er, nibindi; hakurikijwe imiterere ya kristu, zigabanywamo laser za YAG zimeze nk'inkoni n'imeze nk'ikamba; bitewe n'imbaraga zitandukanye zo gusohora, zishobora kugabanywamo imbaraga nyinshi n'imbaraga nto n'iziciriritse. LAZERI YAG, n'ibindi.

Imashini ikata laser ya YAG ikomeye irakura, iragaragaza kandi ikareba umurasire wa laser urimo umuyaga ufite uburebure bwa 1064nm, hanyuma igashyushya ubuso bw'ibikoresho. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bukwirakwira mu gice cy'imbere binyuze mu gushyushya ubushyuhe, kandi ubugari, ingufu, imbaraga zo hejuru no gusubiramo kwa laser bigenzurwa neza mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga. Ingano n'ibindi bipimo bishobora gushonga ako kanya, bigahindura umwuka no gushonga, bityo bigatuma ibintu bicibwa, gusudira no gucukura inzira zagenwe mbere binyuze muri sisitemu ya CNC.

Ibiranga: Iyi mashini ifite ubwiza bwiza bw'umurabyo, imikorere myiza, ihendutse, ihamye, umutekano, ikora neza kandi yizewe cyane. Ihuza imikorere yo gukata, gusudira, gucukura n'indi mirimo, bigatuma iba ibikoresho byo gutunganya neza kandi byoroshye. Umuvuduko wo gutunganya vuba, imikorere myiza, inyungu nziza mu bukungu, imiyoboro mito igororotse, ubuso bworoshye bwo gukata, uburebure bunini bw'ubujyakuzimu n'ubugari bw'igipimo cyo guhindura ubushyuhe, kandi ishobora gutunganywa ku bikoresho bitandukanye nko gukomera, gucika intege, no koroha. Nta kibazo cyo kwangirika kw'ibikoresho cyangwa gusimbuza mu gutunganya, kandi nta mpinduka mu mashini. Biroroshye kuyikora. Ishobora gutunganya mu buryo bwihariye. Ikoranabuhanga rya pompe riri hejuru, kugeza kuri 20%. Uko imikorere yiyongera, ubushyuhe bw'icyuma cya laser buragabanuka, bityo icyuma kirarushaho kuba cyiza. Imara igihe kirekire, yizewe cyane, ingano nto n'uburemere bworoheje, kandi ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo buciriritse.

Ikoreshwa: Bikwiriye gukata, gusudira no gucukura ibikoresho by'icyuma hakoreshejwe laser: nk'icyuma cya karuboni, icyuma kitagira umuze, icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma, aluminiyumu n'ibindi bikoresho, umuringa n'ibindi bikoresho, titaniyumu n'ibindi bikoresho, nikeli-molybdenum alloys n'ibindi bikoresho. Bikoreshwa cyane mu ndege, mu kirere, intwaro, amato, peteroli, ubuvuzi, ibikoresho, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, imodoka n'izindi nganda. Ntabwo ari ireme ryo gutunganya gusa rirushaho kwiyongera, ahubwo no kunoza akazi; byongeye kandi, laser ya YAG ishobora no gutanga uburyo nyabwo kandi bwihuse bwo gukora ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi.

Ugereranije n'izindi laser:

1. Laser ya YAG ishobora gukora mu buryo bwo gutera umuvuduko no mu buryo bukomeza. Umuvuduko wayo wo gutera umuvuduko ushobora kubona imivuduko migufi n'imivuduko migufi cyane binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rya Q-switching na mode-locking, bityo bigatuma ikoreshwa cyane kurusha iya CO2 lasers.

2. Uburebure bw'umuvuduko wayo ni 1.06um, bungana neza neza n'ubunini bw'umuvuduko wa laser ya CO2 wa 10.06um, bityo ikaba ifite ubushobozi bwo guhuza ibyuma neza kandi ikora neza.

3. Laser ya YAG ifite imiterere mito, uburemere bworoshye, ikoreshwa ryoroshye kandi ryizewe, kandi nta byangombwa byo kuyibungabunga.

4. Laser ya YAG ishobora guhuzwa na fibre optique. Hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kugabanya igihe no kugabanya imbaraga, urumuri rumwe rwa laser rushobora koherezwa mu bigo byinshi cyangwa mu bigo bya kure, ibyo bikaba byoroshya uburyo bwo gutunganya laser. Kubwibyo, mugihe uhitamo laser, ugomba gusuzuma ibipimo bitandukanye nibyo ukeneye. Muri ubu buryo gusa laser ishobora gukoresha imikorere yayo ntarengwa. Laser ya Pulsed Nd:YAG itangwa na Xinte Optoelectronics ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu nganda no mu bya siyansi. Laser ya Pulsed Nd:YAG yizewe kandi ihamye itanga umusaruro wa pulse ungana na 1.5J kuri 1064nm hamwe numuvuduko wo gusubiramo ungana na 100Hz.