Encyclopedia of Welding Knowledge: Ikiganiro kigufi ku gushyira mu byiciro
n'Inzira zo Gusudira mu Gusudira hakoreshejwe Laser
Mu nganda, gusudira hakoreshejwe laser bimaze igihe kinini bikoreshwa mu bijyanye n'indege,gusudira neza cyane, no gusudira ibikoresho byihariye. Bitewe n'iterambere ry'inganda n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, gusudira hakoreshejwe laser ubu birushaho gukoreshwa mu gusudira ibikoresho bisanzwe. Uyu munsi, tuzaganira ku gushyira mu byiciro gusudira hakoreshejwe laser. Gusuka hakoreshejwe laser ni uburyo bwiza kandi bunoze bukoresha laser ifite ingufu nyinshi nk'isoko y'ubushyuhe kugira ngo ihuze ibikoresho. Ifite ibyiza byinshi, nko gusudira vuba, guhindura ibintu mu buryo buke, ibisabwa bike ku bidukikije byo gusudira, ubucucike bw'ingufu nyinshi, nta ngaruka zituruka ku ngufu za rukuruzi, nta mbogamizi ku bikoresho biyobora, nta mpamvu yo gukora mu buryo bw'umwuka, kandi nta X-ray ikoreshwa mu gusudira mu gihe cyo gusudira.
Gusudira hakoreshejwe laser bishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bitandukanye:
- Ishyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe uburyo bw'ingufu zisohoka muri laser:
- Gusudira hakoreshejwe laser: Ishusho y'ubusudi ihoraho kandi idahinduka iraboneka mu gihe cyo gusudira.
- Gusudira hakoreshejwe laser: Kubera ko ingufu zinjira ku buso bw'igice gisutsweho ziba zihoraho, buri gace k'urumuri gakoresha amashanyarazi gakorera ku buso bw'igikoresho gisutsweho kugira ngo gakore ahantu hazunguruka ho gusudira. Imiterere itandukanye yo gusudira irashobora kuboneka hakurikijwe ibipimo bitandukanye bya lazeri.
- Ishyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe ubucucike bw'imbaraga z'ahantu hacukurwamo laser:
- Gusudira ubushyuhe hakoreshejwe laser: Ubucucike bw'ingufu ni buke, muri rusange buri munsi ya 10⁵ W/cm². Laser yohereza ingufu ku buso bw'icyuma gisudira, igashyushya ubuso bw'icyuma kugeza ku bushyuhe buri hagati y'aho gishongesye n'aho gishyuha. Ubushyuhe bwimurirwa imbere mu cyuma binyuze mu gusudira ubushyuhe kugira ngo bukore ifu, isa na tungsten inert.gusudira gaze (TIG).
- Gusudira mu buryo bwimbitse hakoreshejwe laser (gusudira mu mwobo w'imfunguzo): Iyo ubucucike bw'imbaraga za laser bukora ku buso bw'icyuma burenga 10⁵ W/cm², icyuma gikoresha laser gifite imbaraga nyinshi gikora ku buso bw'icyuma, bigatuma gishonga mu gace runaka maze kikarema "umwobo w'imfunguzo". Umuyoboro wa laser winjira mu gice cy'imbere cy'ikidendezi cyashongeshejwe unyuze mu "mwobo w'imfunguzo" kugira ngo ukore umuyoboro.
- Gushyira mu byiciro hakurikijwe uburyo bwo kugenzura:
- Imashini yo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser yakoreshejwe n'intoki
- Imashini yo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser yikora
- Imashini yo gusudira ya Galvo laser
- Ishyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe ubwoko bwa laser:
- Imashini yo gusudira ya laser ya YAG
- Imashini yo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser ya semiconductor
- Imashini yo gusudira fibre laser
1. Gusudira hakoreshejwe laser iguruka
Gusudira hakoreshejwe laser bihuza ibyiza byo gusudira hakoreshejwe kure, galvanometers, na manipulators, kandi bifite porogaramu z’umwuga zo gutunganya amashusho kugira ngo bigere ku gusudira mu buryo bwihuse mu mpande eshatu.
Porogaramu z'ingenzi:
Ikoreshwa ku bicuruzwa nk'imizigo y'imodoka, intebe, n'ibice bisanzwe by'imodoka. Ku bijyanye n'ibikoresho, ishobora gukoreshwa ku bikoresho bitandukanye bisanzwe nk'amasahani y'icyuma, amasahani afunze neza, n'aluminiyumu, ndetse n'ibikoresho bivanze n'ibikoresho nk'aluminiyumu ya magnesium.
★ Ibyiza:
- Ihuye n'uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo gusudira
- Bikwiriye icyerekezo icyo ari cyo cyose cyo gusudira
- Ikwirakwizwa ry'ubushuhe/ahantu hifashishijwe umukoresha
- Gukwirakwiza neza imihangayiko
- Ishobora gusudira ahantu hihuta cyane, gusudira umushono, gusudira imikufi, gusudira imitako, gusudira imigeri, gusudira imigeri, no gusudira imigeri ivanze.
- Guhuza umutwe wo gusudira na robo mu buryo bwihuse kugira ngo byihutishe igikorwa cyo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser
- Gukenera umwanya muto wo hasi
- Amafaranga make yo kubungabunga no gutwara ibintu
2. Gusudira hakoreshejwe laser ikoze mu buryo bwa Spiral
Ni uburyo bwo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser bufite imirasire ya laser ifite imirasire ibiri, bukorwa hakoreshejwe module yihariye yo guhindagurika ku mutwe wo gusudira. Ibi bituma ahantu hagaragara urumuri rukora umurasire uzenguruka mu gihe umutwe wo gusudira ugenda.
Porogaramu z'ingenzi:
Gusudira hinge, gushishura ubushyuhe, gushishura ubushyuhe mu miyoboro, gusudira imiyoboro minini mu nganda za peteroli na gaze karemano, gusudira flange, no gusudira aluminiyumu, nibindi.
★ Ibyiza:
- Ubusudi bunini
- Gusubiramo ibikorwa/guhagarara neza cyane
- Uburyo bwiza bwo gusudira
- Byoroshye nyuma yo gutunganya no koroshya ubuso bw'icyuma gishongeshejwe
- Ubushobozi bwiza bwo gusudira alloy ya aluminiyumu
3. Gukoresha icyuma gikingira umuriro hakoreshejwe lazeri
Uburyo bwo gushongesha hakoreshejwe laser bukoresha icyuma gishongesha gifite aho gishongesha kiri munsi y’icy’icyuma cyo hasi. Icyuma gishongesha gishyushya ubushyuhe buri hejuru y’aho gishongesha ariko kiri munsi y’ubushyuhe bwo gushongesha bw’icyuma cyo hasi. Icyuma gishongesha amazi gishongesha icyuma cyo hasi, cyuzuza icyuho cy’ingingo, hanyuma kigakwirakwira hamwe n’icyuma cyo hasi kugira ngo ibice bishongeshwe bihuzwe.
Porogaramu z'ingenzi:
Gusudira inyubako z'umubiri wa aluminiyumu, nk'aho igisenge n'urukuta rwo ku ruhande bihurira, n'inzugi.
★ Ibyiza:
- Igabanya inenge zo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser, nk'imyenge, imiyoboro, n'icyuho kinini cyo gushyira ibicuruzwa mu mwanya wabyo.
- Yongera imbaraga zo gusudira kandi ikabona agasaro keza ko gusudira
- Icyuma cyo gushongesha gusa ni cyo gishonga mu gihe cyo gushongesha, mu gihe icyuma cyo hasi kidashonga
- Guhinduka guto kw'ingingo zikozwe mu cyuma, isura nziza kandi igaragara neza, ikwiriye gusudira neza, ibice bigoye bikozwe mu bikoresho bitandukanye
- Agace gato kagizweho ingaruka n'ubushyuhe n'imbaraga nyinshi zo gukanda
4. Gusudira byuzuye insinga za laser
Gusudira insinga zuzuyemo laser ni uburyo bukoresha icyuma cyuzuza gifite ibikoresho bimwe cyangwa bisa n'icyuma cy'ibanze. Icyuma cy'ibanze n'icyuma cyuzuza ibyuma birashongeshwa hanyuma bigakomera kugira ngo bikore umusemburo.
Porogaramu z'ingenzi:
Gusudira ibice by'umubiri wose by'ibinyabiziga n'ibice by'imodoka.
★ Ibyiza:
- Bigabanya inenge zo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser, nk'imyenge n'imikurire
- Yongera igipimo cy’ibicuruzwa bisutswe kandi ikemera icyuho kinini hagati y’ibicuruzwa bisutswe
- Icyuma cy'ibanze kirashonga mu gihe cyo gusudira, kandi imbaraga zo gusudira ziba nyinshi kurusha iz'icyuma cy'ibanze
5. Gukoresha icyuma gishyushya
Ihuza imikorere yo gushushanya imirasire no gusudira mu bikoresho bimwe binyuze muri ALO3. Insinga yuzuza ishobora gukoreshwa nk'icyuma gipima imiterere y'amashanyarazi.
Porogaramu z'ingenzi:
Gushyiramo imirasire ya laser ku bice by'umweru, cyane cyane harimo no gushyiramo imirasire ya laser ku bisenge n'imipfundikizo, ndetse no gushyiramo imirasire ku bice by'imodoka. Guhindagurika kw'ibice n'amakosa y'ibikoresho akenshi byongera ingorane zo gushyiramo imirasire ya laser cyane, bigatuma bigorana cyane gukemura ikibazo cy'uburyo bwo gusudira laser. Ariko, gushyiramo imirasire ya oscillating bishobora guhindura neza icyerekezo cyabyo cyo gusudira. Binyuze mu mirimo yo gukurikirana imirasire no gupima uburebure bw'inyuma, bituma umurasire wa laser uyoborwa kandi ugashyirwa ku murongo byoroshye, bigatuma habaho impinduka mu cyerekezo, bigatuma habaho ikoranabuhanga ryo gusudira ryihuta, kwihuta cyane mu gusudira, no gukora neza cyane, bityo bigatuma ubuziranenge bw'imirasire bugumana ubuziranenge.
★ Ibyiza:
- Gukurikirana uburyo bwo gusudira kugira ngo hamenyekane inzira yo gusudira y'ikintu gikorerwamo mu gihe nyacyo
- Guhindura uburyo bwo gusudira muri XYZ mu byerekezo bitatu hakurikijwe ihinduka ry'ibikoresho bitandukanye kugira ngo ubone ireme ryiza ryo gusudira
- Yongera umuvuduko wo gusudira ibicuruzwa mu buryo buhamye
6. Gushyiramo icyuma gikingira ahantu hatatu
Muri lens hongerwamo module ifite utudomo tubiri. Mu gihe cyo gusudira, module ifite utudomo dutatu muri optique ikwirakwiza umurambararo umwe mu tudomo dutatu, igatanga igisubizo cyo gusukamo amabati y'icyuma ashyushye kandi bigatuma isudi irushaho kuba nziza idacika.
Porogaramu z'ingenzi:
Gushyiramo icyuma gikingira ibisenge n'imipfundikizo by'imodoka hakoreshejwe aluminium alloy, gutwikira ibisenge n'imipfundikizo hakoreshejwe laser, no gutwikira ibice by'imodoka, n'ibindi.
★ Ibyiza:
- Uburyo bwo gusuka ibyuma buhamye kandi bwizewe
- Umuvuduko wihuta
- Imbaraga nyinshi
- Isura nziza y'imashini zishyushya zikoresha ibyuma bya galvanised zikozwe mu buryo bwa "hot-dip galvanised sheet welds"
- Uburyo bwo gusukura kuri interineti
- Guhindura ingufu zihinduka
7. Gusudira hakoreshejwe uburebure bwinshi bw'umuraba wihariye
Gusudira hakoreshejwe uburebure bwinshi bw'amabara atandukanyeni uburyo bushya bwo gusudira bwatangijwe na Lianying Laser. Ishyira hejuru y'imirasire ibiri ya laser ifite uburebure butandukanye bw'uburebure, bigatuma imirasire y'imirasire ibiri ihurirana mu kirere. Laser y'uburebure bw'uburebure ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gusudira, mu gihe laser y'uburebure bw'uburebure bw'uburebure ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gushyushya insinga yo gusudira n'icyuma cyo hasi, bigabanyiriza ubukonje bw'icyuma gishongeshejwe muri pisine yo gusudira. Ikwiriye cyane cyane aloyi za aluminiyumu, aloyi za manyeziyumu, aloyi z'umuringa, nibindi.
★ Ibyiza:
- Bigabanya ubwinshi bw'imyenge mu myenge
- Yongera ubushobozi bwo gusudira kandi yongera imikorere myiza yo gusudira
- Igabanya ubushyuhe neza, igabanya imiturire, yongera imbaraga zo gusudira, kandi ikabona amasaro yo gusudira afite imiterere isa.
Mu gusoza, ubu, mu nganda za laser muri rusange, ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho byo mu mahanga biracyafata umwanya wa mbere. Biteye imbere cyane mu nzego zose, kuva ku bikoresho bya laser n'abayobozi batunganya optique kugeza ku bikoresho by'inyongera nka coolers, power meters, in-sulding monitoring, post-sulding inspection, na TCP calibrators. Ibigo byo mu gihugu birimo gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo bigere kuri iyo ntego. Ariko, mu rwego rwo gukoresha laser welding, Ubushinwa bwageze hafi y'urwego mpuzamahanga rwo hejuru, aho hari ibigo byinshi byiza biri kuzamuka kandi bigeraho umusaruro mwiza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-05-2025
