Kugereranya ingaruka zo gusudira za laser zifite uburebure butandukanye bw'ishingiro

Gusudira hakoreshejwe laserbishobora kugerwaho hakoreshejwe imirasire ya laser ikomeza cyangwa ivungagurika. Amahame yagusudira hakoreshejwe laserishobora kugabanywamo uburyo bwo gusudira ubushyuhe n'uburyo bwo gusudira bugera kure bwa laser. Iyo ubucucike bw'ingufu buri munsi ya 104 ~ 105 W / cm2, ni uburyo bwo gusudira ubushyuhe. Muri iki gihe, ubujyakuzimu bwo kwinjira buba buto cyane kandi umuvuduko wo gusudira uba ugenda buhoro; iyo ubucucike bw'ingufu burenze 105 ~ 107 W / cm2, ubuso bw'icyuma buba bupfutse mu "byobo" bitewe n'ubushyuhe, bugakora uburyo bwo gusudira bugera kure, bufite imiterere yo gusudira vuba kandi ifite igipimo kinini. Ihame ryo gusudira ubushyuhegusudira hakoreshejwe laserni: imirasire ya laser ishyushya ubuso bugomba gutunganywa, kandi ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bukwirakwira mu nda binyuze mu gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe. Mu kugenzura ibipimo bya laser nk'ubugari bwa laser pulse, ingufu, imbaraga zo hejuru, n'inshuro zo gusubiramo, igikoresho gishongeshwa kugira ngo kibe ikidendezi cyihariye cyashongeshejwe.

Ubushyuhe bwo gusudira bukoresha laser deep infiltrate muri rusange bukoresha laser continuous beam kugira ngo buzuze isano ry’ibikoresho. Uburyo bwayo bwo gusudira ibyuma busa cyane n’ubwo gusudira ibyuma bya elegitoroniki, ni ukuvuga ko uburyo bwo guhindura ingufu bukorwa binyuze mu buryo bw’ “umwobo w’urufunguzo”.

Mu gihe cy'imirasire ya laser ifite imbaraga nyinshi zihagije, ibikoresho birahinduka umwuka maze hakavuka utwobo duto. Uyu mwobo muto wuzuye umwuka umeze nk'umubiri w'umukara, ufata hafi ingufu zose z'umuraba w'impanuka. Ubushyuhe buri mu mwobo bugera kuri dogere 2500°C. Ubushyuhe bwimurwa buva ku rukuta rw'inyuma rw'umwobo ushyushye cyane, bigatuma icyuma gikikije umwobo gishonga. Umwobo muto wuzuyemo umwuka ushyushye cyane uturuka ku mwuka ukomeza guhumeka w'ibikoresho byo ku rukuta munsi y'imirasire y'umuyoboro. Inkuta z'umwobo muto zizengurutswe n'icyuma gishongeshejwe, kandi icyuma cy'amazi gikikijwe n'ibikoresho bikomeye (mu buryo busanzwe bwo gusudira no gusudira hakoreshejwe laser, ingufu zibanza gushyirwa ku buso bw'igikoresho hanyuma zijyanwa imbere binyuze mu kwimura). Amazi atemba hanze y'urukuta rw'umwobo n'ubushyuhe bw'urukuta biri mu cyiciro hamwe n'umuvuduko uhoraho w'umwuka mu mwobo kandi bikomeza kuringaniza. Umuriro w'urumuri ukomeza kwinjira mu mwobo muto, kandi ibikoresho biri hanze y'umwobo muto bikomeza gutemba. Uko urumuri rugenda, umwobo muto uhora mu buryo buhamye bwo gutemba.

Ni ukuvuga ko umwobo muto n'icyuma gishongeshejwe gikikije urukuta rw'umwobo bigenda imbere hamwe n'umuvuduko w'umuyoboro w'icyitegererezo. Icyuma gishongeshejwe cyuzuza icyuho gisigaye nyuma y'uko umwobo muto ukuweho kandi kigahinduka nk'uko bikwiye, hanyuma umuyoboro ugakorwa. Ibi byose bibaho vuba cyane ku buryo umuvuduko wo gusudira ushobora kugera kuri metero nyinshi ku munota.

Nyuma yo gusobanukirwa ibitekerezo by'ibanze ku bucucike bw'ingufu, gusudira ubushyuhe, no gusudira mu buryo bwimbitse, tuzakora isesengura rigereranya ubucucike bw'ingufu n'ibyiciro bya metallographic by'ibipimo bitandukanye by'ibanze.

Kugereranya igerageza ryo gusudira rishingiye ku bunini bwa laser busanzwe ku isoko:

Ubucucike bw'ingufu z'aho lasers ziherereye hamwe n'ibipimo by'ibanze bitandukanye

Ukurikije ubucucike bw'ingufu, munsi y'imbaraga zimwe, uko umurambararo w'ibanze uba muto, niko urumuri rwa laser rurushaho kwiyongera kandi ingufu zikaba nyinshi. Iyo laser igereranyijwe n'icyuma gityaye, uko umurambararo w'ibanze uba muto, laser irushaho kuba ikarishye. Ubucucike bw'ingufu za laser ya 14um core diameter ni inshuro zirenga 50 z'umurambararo wa laser ya 100um core diameter, kandi ubushobozi bwo kuyitunganya burakomera. Muri icyo gihe, ubucucike bw'ingufu bubazwe hano ni ubucucike bworoheje. Ikwirakwizwa ry'ingufu nyazo ni ikwirakwizwa rya Gaussian, kandi ingufu zo hagati zizaba inshuro nyinshi z'ubucucike bw'ingufu mpuzandengo.

Imbonerahamwe y'ikwirakwizwa ry'ingufu za laser zifite uburebure butandukanye bw'ishingiro

Ibara ry'igishushanyo mbonera cy'ikwirakwizwa ry'ingufu ni uko ingufu zikwirakwizwa. Uko ibara rirushaho gutukura, niko ingufu ziba nyinshi. Ingufu zitukura niho ingufu ziba zihurijwe hamwe. Binyuze mu gukwirakwizwa kw'ingufu za laser z'imirasire ya laser ifite uburebure butandukanye bw'ishingiro, bigaragara ko imbere y'imirasire ya laser idakarishye kandi ko urumuri rwa laser rukarishye. Uko ingufu ziba ntoya, niko ingufu ziba zihurijwe hamwe, niko zirushaho kuba nziza kandi ubushobozi bwazo bwo kwinjira burushaho gukomera.

Kugereranya ingaruka zo gusudira za laser zifite uburebure butandukanye bw'ishingiro

Kugereranya imirasire ya laser ifite uburebure butandukanye bw'umurambararo:

(1) Igerageza rikoresha umuvuduko wa 150mm/s, gusudira ahantu ho gushyira ibintu ku murongo, kandi ibikoresho ni aluminiyumu imwe, ubugari bwa 2mm;

(2) Uko umurambararo w’imbere urushaho kuba munini, ni ko ubugari bw’ingufu zishonga burushaho kuba bwinshi, ni ko agace gafite ingaruka ku bushyuhe kaba kanini, kandi ni ko imbaraga z’ingufu z’igice ziba nke. Iyo umurambararo w’imbere urenze 200um, ntabwo byoroshye kugera ku burebure bwo kwinjira ku byuma bikoresha ingufu nyinshi nka aluminiyumu n’umuringa, kandi gusudira hejuru cyane bishobora kugerwaho hakoreshejwe imbaraga nyinshi;

(3) Imashini ntoya zikoresha imirasire zifite ubucucike bwinshi kandi zishobora gupfumura vuba imyobo y'imfunguzo ku buso bw'ibikoresho bifite ingufu nyinshi n'uturere duto twagizweho ingaruka n'ubushyuhe. Ariko, icyarimwe, ubuso bw'imyanda buba bukabije, kandi amahirwe yo kugwa kw'imfunguzo ni menshi mu gihe cyo gusudira umuvuduko muto, kandi imfunguzo zigafungwa mu gihe cyo gusudira. Inzira ni ndende, kandi inenge nk'inenge n'imyenge bikunze kubaho. Ikwiriye gutunganywa cyangwa gutunganywa mu buryo bwihuse hamwe n'inzira yo kuzunguruka;

(4) Lazeri nini zifite umurambararo w’imbere zifite utudomo twinshi tw’urumuri n’ingufu nyinshi zitatanye, bigatuma zikoreshwa neza mu gushonga, gupfuka, gufunga no gukora izindi nzira.