Uburyo bwo gusudira bubiri-beam burasabwa, cyane cyane kugirango bikemukegusudiraguteranya neza, kunoza ituze ryimikorere yo gusudira, no kunoza ubwiza bwa weld, cyane cyane kubudodo bworoshye bwo gusudira hamwe no gusudira aluminium. Gusudira kabiri-lazeri gusudira birashobora gukoresha uburyo bwiza bwo gutandukanya lazeri imwe mumirongo ibiri itandukanye yumucyo wo gusudira. Irashobora kandi gukoresha ubwoko bubiri bwa laseri kugirango ihuze, CO2 laser, Nd: YAG laser na laser-power-semiconductor laser. Birashobora guhuzwa. Muguhindura ingufu zumuriro, umwanya wibiti, ndetse nuburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ingufu zibiti byombi, umurima wubushyuhe bwo gusudira urashobora guhindurwa muburyo bworoshye kandi bworoshye, ugahindura uburyo bwo kubaho bwibyobo hamwe nuburyo bwo gutembera kwicyuma cyamazi muri pisine yashongeshejwe , gutanga igisubizo cyiza kubikorwa byo gusudira. Umwanya munini wo guhitamo ntagereranywa na lazeri imwe yo gusudira. Ntabwo ifite ibyiza gusa byo gusudira lazeri nini, kwihuta kandi neza, ariko kandi ifite uburyo bwo guhuza cyane nibikoresho hamwe ningingo bigoye gusudira hamwe no gusudira bisanzwe.
Ihame ryaguswera kabiri-gusudira
Gusudira inshuro ebyiri bisobanura gukoresha ibiti bibiri bya laser icyarimwe mugihe cyo gusudira. Gutondekanya ibiti, gutandukanya urumuri, inguni hagati yimirongo ibiri, kwibanda kumwanya hamwe ningufu zingufu zibiti byombi nibintu byose bifatika muburyo bwo gusudira kabiri. ibipimo. Mubisanzwe, mugihe cyo gusudira, muri rusange hariho inzira ebyiri zo gutondekanya ibiti bibiri. Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo, imwe itondekanye muburyo bwo gusudira. Iyi gahunda irashobora kugabanya ubukonje bwa pisine yashongeshejwe. Kugabanya ubukana bwa weld hamwe nigisekuru cya pore. Ibindi nugutondekanya kuruhande cyangwa kunyuranya kumpande zombi za weld kugirango tunonosore imihindagurikire yicyuho.
Ihame rya kabiri rya laser laser yo gusudira
Gusudira inshuro ebyiri bisobanura gukoresha ibiti bibiri bya laser icyarimwe mugihe cyo gusudira. Gutondekanya ibiti, gutandukanya urumuri, inguni hagati yimirongo ibiri, kwibanda kumwanya hamwe ningufu zingufu zibiti byombi nibintu byose bifatika muburyo bwo gusudira kabiri. ibipimo. Mubisanzwe, mugihe cyo gusudira, muri rusange hariho inzira ebyiri zo gutondekanya ibiti bibiri. Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo, imwe itondekanye muburyo bwo gusudira. Iyi gahunda irashobora kugabanya ubukonje bwa pisine yashongeshejwe. Kugabanya ubukana bwa weld hamwe nigisekuru cya pore. Ibindi nugutondekanya kuruhande cyangwa kunyuranya kumpande zombi za weld kugirango tunonosore imihindagurikire yicyuho.
Kuri sisitemu yo gutondekanya tandem-ebyiri-laser yo gusudira, hariho uburyo butatu bwo gusudira bitewe nintera iri hagati yibiti byimbere ninyuma, nkuko bigaragara mumashusho hepfo.
1.Mu bwoko bwa mbere bwo gusudira, intera iri hagati yimirongo ibiri yumucyo ni nini. Umucyo umwe wumucyo ufite ingufu nyinshi kandi wibanze hejuru yakazi kugirango ubyare urufunguzo rwo gusudira; urundi rumuri rwumucyo rufite ingufu nkeya. Gusa ikoreshwa nkisoko yubushyuhe bwo kubanziriza gusudira cyangwa nyuma yo gusudira. Ukoresheje ubu buryo bwo gusudira, igipimo cyo gukonjesha cya pisine gishobora kugenzurwa mugihe runaka, kikaba ari ingirakamaro mu gusudira ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byunvikana cyane, nk'icyuma kinini cya karubone, ibyuma bivangavanze, n'ibindi, kandi birashobora no kunoza ubukana. ya weld.
2. Mu bwoko bwa kabiri bwuburyo bwo gusudira, intera yibanze hagati yibiti byombi byoroheje ni nto. Imirase ibiri yumucyo itanga urufunguzo rwigenga muri pisine yo gusudira, ihindura uburyo bwo gutembera kwicyuma cyamazi kandi igafasha kwirinda gufatwa. Irashobora gukuraho ibibaho byinenge nkimpande hamwe nudusaro twa weld kandi bigateza imbere gusudira.
3. Mu bwoko bwa gatatu bwo gusudira, intera iri hagati yimirase ibiri yumucyo ni nto cyane. Muri iki gihe, imirishyo ibiri yumucyo itanga urufunguzo rumwe muri pisine yo gusudira. Ugereranije no gusudira-laser imwe yo gusudira, kubera ko ubunini bwurufunguzo ruba runini kandi ntirworoshye gufunga, inzira yo gusudira irahagaze neza kandi gaze iroroshye gusohora, ifasha kugabanya imyenge no gutemba, no kubona ubudahwema, bumwe kandi gusudira neza.
Mugihe cyo gusudira, ibiti bibiri bya lazeri nabyo birashobora gukorwa muburyo bumwe. Uburyo bwo gusudira busa nuburinganire bubiri bwo gusudira. Ibisubizo by'ibizamini byerekana ko ukoresheje OO ebyiri zifite ingufu nyinshi zifite inguni ya 30 ° kuri mugenzi we hamwe nintera ya 1 ~ 2mm, urumuri rwa lazeri rushobora kubona urufunguzo rumeze nka feri. Ingano yurufunguzo nini kandi ihamye, irashobora kuzamura neza ubwiza bwo gusudira. Mubikorwa bifatika, guhuza imirongo ibiri yumucyo birashobora guhinduka ukurikije ibihe bitandukanye byo gusudira kugirango bigere kubikorwa bitandukanye byo gusudira.
6. Gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bwo gusudira kabiri-beam laser
Kugura ibiti bibiri birashobora kuboneka muguhuza ibiti bibiri bitandukanye bya laser, cyangwa urumuri rumwe rwa laser rushobora kugabanywamo ibiti bibiri bya laser byo gusudira ukoresheje sisitemu ya optique ya optique. Kugabanya urumuri rwumucyo mubice bibiri bisa na lazeri yububasha butandukanye, spekitroscope cyangwa sisitemu yihariye ya optique irashobora gukoreshwa. Ishusho yerekana ibishushanyo bibiri byerekana amahame agabanya urumuri ukoresheje indorerwamo yibanda nkibice bitandukanya ibiti.
Mubyongeyeho, urumuri rushobora kandi gukoreshwa nkigice cyo kumurika, kandi icyanyuma cyerekana inzira nziza gishobora gukoreshwa nkigice cyo kumurika. Ubu bwoko bwo kumurika nabwo bwitwa igisenge cyubwoko bwerekana. Ubuso bwacyo bugaragaza ntabwo busa, ariko bugizwe nindege ebyiri. Umurongo uhuza ibice byombi byerekana biri hagati yubuso bwindorerwamo, bisa nigisenge, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo. Urumuri rwumucyo uringaniye rumurika kuri spekitroscope, rugaragazwa nindege ebyiri kumpande zitandukanye kugirango zibe imirishyo ibiri yumucyo, kandi irabagirana kumyanya itandukanye yindorerwamo. Nyuma yo kwibanda, imirongo ibiri yumucyo iboneka intera runaka hejuru yakazi. Muguhindura inguni hagati yuburyo bubiri bugaragara hamwe nigisenge cyinzu, igabanywa ryumucyo utandukanijwe nintera itandukanye hamwe nuburyo bishobora kuboneka.
Iyo ukoresheje ubwoko bubiri butandukanye bwalaser beam to shiraho ibiti bibiri, hariho byinshi. Laser yo mu rwego rwohejuru ya CO2 hamwe nogukwirakwiza ingufu za Gaussiya irashobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa nyamukuru byo gusudira, naho lazeri ya semiconductor hamwe nogukwirakwiza ingufu zurukiramende zirashobora gukoreshwa mugufasha gutunganya ubushyuhe. Ku ruhande rumwe, uku guhuza ni ubukungu. Kurundi ruhande, imbaraga zumucyo zombi zirashobora guhindurwa wigenga. Kuburyo butandukanye, ubushyuhe bushobora guhinduka umurima urashobora kuboneka muguhindura umwanya uhuriweho na laser na semiconductor laser, ikwiriye cyane gusudira. Kugenzura inzira. Byongeye kandi, lazeri ya YAG na CO2 laser nayo irashobora guhurizwa hamwe mumirongo ibiri yo gusudira, lazeri ikomeza hamwe na pulse laser irashobora guhurizwa hamwe kugirango isudwe, kandi urumuri rwibanze hamwe nigitereko cya defocused nacyo gishobora guhurizwa hamwe cyo gusudira.
7. Ihame ryo gusudira kabiri-laser
3.1 Kuzunguruka kabiri-laser yo gusudira kumpapuro
Urupapuro rwicyuma ni ibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane munganda zimodoka. Ahantu ho gushonga h'icyuma ni nka 1500 ° C, naho aho zinc itetse ni 906 ° C. Kubwibyo, mugihe ukoresheje uburyo bwo gusudira fusion, ubusanzwe havamo imyuka myinshi ya zinc, bigatuma inzira yo gusudira idahinduka. , gukora imyenge muri weld. Kubice bya lap, guhindagurika kwurwego rwa galvanised ntibiboneka gusa hejuru no hepfo, ariko nanone bibaho hejuru. Mugihe cyo gusudira, imyuka ya zinc ihita isohoka hejuru yikidendezi cyashongeshejwe mubice bimwe na bimwe, mugihe mubindi bice bigoye ko imyuka ya zinc ihunga ikidendezi cyashongeshejwe. Ku buso bwa pisine, ubwiza bwo gusudira ntabwo buhagaze neza.
Gusudira kabiri-laser gusudira birashobora gukemura ibibazo byubwiza bwo gusudira biterwa numwuka wa zinc. Uburyo bumwe ni ukugenzura igihe cyo kubaho nigipimo cyo gukonjesha cya pisine yashongeshejwe uhuza neza ningufu zibiti byombi kugirango byorohere guhunga imyuka ya zinc; ubundi buryo ni Kurekura imyuka ya zinc mbere yo gukubita cyangwa gusya. Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 6-31, laser ya CO2 ikoreshwa mu gusudira. Lazeri YAG iri imbere ya CO2 laser kandi ikoreshwa mugucukura umwobo cyangwa guca ibinono. Imyobo yabanje gutunganywa cyangwa ibinono bitanga inzira yo guhunga imyuka ya zinc ikorwa mugihe cyo gusudira nyuma, ikayirinda kuguma muri pisine yashongeshejwe no gukora inenge.
3.2 Gukoresha kabiri-laser yo gusudira ya aluminiyumu
Bitewe n'imikorere idasanzwe iranga ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu, hari ingorane zikurikira zo gukoresha gusudira lazeri [39]: aluminiyumu ya aluminiyumu ifite igipimo gito cyo kwinjiza lazeri, kandi uburyo bwa mbere bwo kwerekana urumuri rwa CO2 burenga 90%; aluminium alloy laser yo gusudira biroroshye kubyara Porosity, ibice; gutwika ibintu bivanze mugihe cyo gusudira, nibindi. Iyo ukoresheje gusudira laser imwe, biragoye gushiraho urufunguzo no gukomeza umutekano. Gusudira kabiri-lazeri gusudira birashobora kongera ubunini bwurufunguzo, bigatuma bigora gufunga urufunguzo, bifasha gusohora gaze. Irashobora kandi kugabanya igipimo cyo gukonja no kugabanya ibibaho bya pore hamwe no gusudira. Kubera ko uburyo bwo gusudira butajegajega kandi ubwinshi bwa spatter bukagabanuka, imiterere yubuso yabonetse yabonetse kubwo gusudira kabiri-gusudira ya aluminiyumu nayo ni nziza cyane kuruta iyo gusudira kumurongo umwe. Igicapo 6-32 cerekana isura yubudodo bwa 3mm yuburebure bwa aluminium alloy butt gusudira ukoresheje CO2 imwe ya beam laser hamwe na laser yo gusudira kabiri.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko iyo gusudira 2mm yuburebure bwa 5000 seriyumu ya aluminium, iyo intera iri hagati yibiti byombi ari 0,6 ~ 1.0mm, uburyo bwo gusudira burahagaze neza kandi gufungura urufunguzo rwakozwe ni binini, bikaba bifasha guhumeka no guhunga kwa magnesium mugihe inzira yo gusudira. Niba intera iri hagati yibiti byombi ari nto cyane, uburyo bwo gusudira kumurongo umwe ntibuzahagarara. Niba intera ari nini cyane, gusudira byinjira bizagira ingaruka, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 6-33. Byongeye kandi, igipimo cyingufu zibiti byombi nacyo kigira ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yo gusudira. Iyo imirongo ibiri ifite intera ya 0.9mm itunganijwe muburyo bwo gusudira, ingufu z'igiti cyabanjirije zigomba kongerwa uko bikwiye kugirango igipimo cy'ingufu z'ibiti byombi mbere na nyuma kirenze 1: 1. Nibyiza kuzamura ubwiza bwikidodo, kongera ahantu ho gushonga, kandi ugakomeza kubona icyuma cyiza kandi cyiza cyo gusudira mugihe umuvuduko wo gusudira ari mwinshi.
3.3 Gusudira inshuro ebyiri kumasahani yuburinganire butangana
Mu musaruro w’inganda, akenshi birakenewe gusudira ibyapa bibiri cyangwa byinshi byibyuma byubunini nubunini butandukanye kugirango bibe isahani ikubye. Cyane cyane mubikorwa byimodoka, ikoreshwa ryimyenda idoda-igenda irushaho kwiyongera. Mugusudira amasahani hamwe nibisobanuro bitandukanye, gutwikira hejuru cyangwa imitungo, imbaraga zirashobora kwiyongera, ibikoreshwa bikagabanuka, kandi ubwiza bukagabanuka. Gusudira Laser yamasahani yubunini butandukanye bikoreshwa muburyo bwo gusudira. Ikibazo gikomeye nuko amasahani agomba gusudwa agomba kubanzirizwa hamwe nu mpande zisobanutse neza kandi akemeza guterana neza. Gukoresha ibyuma bibiri-byo gusudira byububiko butaringaniye birashobora guhuza nimpinduka zitandukanye mubyuho bya plaque, guhuza utubuto, ubunini bugereranije nibikoresho bya plaque. Irashobora gusudira amasahani afite impande nini kandi yihanganira icyuho kandi igateza imbere umuvuduko wo gusudira hamwe nubwiza bwo gusudira.
Ibikorwa nyamukuru byerekana ibipimo bya Shuangguangdong byo gusudira ibyapa bingana bingana birashobora kugabanwa mubice byo gusudira hamwe nibisahani, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo. Ibipimo byo gusudira birimo imbaraga z'ibiti bibiri bya laser, umuvuduko wo gusudira, umwanya wibanze, inguni yo gusudira, inguni yo kuzenguruka impande zombi zifatanije hamwe no gusudira, n'ibindi. , nibindi. Imbaraga zibiti bibiri bya laser zirashobora guhindurwa ukundi ukurikije intego zitandukanye zo gusudira. Umwanya wibanze muri rusange uri hejuru yisahani yoroheje kugirango ugere kubikorwa byo gusudira bihamye kandi neza. Inguni yo gusudira isanzwe itoranywa kuba hafi 6. Niba ubunini bwibisahani byombi ari binini, hashobora gukoreshwa inguni nziza yo gusudira, ni ukuvuga, lazeri yegamiye ku isahani yoroheje, nkuko bigaragara ku ishusho; iyo umubyimba wibisahani ari muto, hashobora gukoreshwa inguni mbi yo gusudira. Gusudira gusudira bisobanurwa nkintera iri hagati ya laser yibanze hamwe nuruhande rwibisahani. Muguhindura gusudira, ingano ya weld irashobora kugabanuka kandi hashobora kuboneka igice cyiza cyo gusudira.
Iyo gusudira amasahani afite icyuho kinini, urashobora kongera umurambararo mwiza wo gushyushya diameter uhinduranya impande ebyiri kugirango ubone ubushobozi bwiza bwo kuziba. Ubugari bwo hejuru ya weld bugenwa na diametre nziza yumurambararo wibiti bibiri bya lazeri, ni ukuvuga kuzenguruka inguni. Ninini yo kuzenguruka inguni, nini yo gushyushya urwego rwibiti bibiri, nubunini bwubugari bwigice cyo hejuru cya weld. Ibiti bibiri bya laser bigira uruhare rutandukanye mugikorwa cyo gusudira. Imwe ikoreshwa cyane cyane kugirango yinjire mu kato, mu gihe indi ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gushonga ibikoresho bya plaque yuzuye kugirango yuzuze icyuho. Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 6-35, munsi yinguni nziza yo kuzenguruka (urumuri rwimbere rukora ku isahani yijimye, urumuri rwinyuma rukora kuri weld), urumuri rwimbere ni ibyabaye ku isahani yuzuye kugirango ushushe kandi ushonge ibintu, kandi ibikurikira Laser beam itera kwinjira. Urumuri rwa mbere rwa lazeri imbere rushobora gushonga igice gusa isahani yuzuye, ariko igira uruhare runini mugikorwa cyo gusudira, kubera ko idashonga gusa uruhande rwisahani yuzuye kugirango yuzuze icyuho cyiza, ariko kandi ibanziriza guhuza ibikoresho hamwe kugirango ibiti bikurikira Biroroshye gusudira mu ngingo, kwemerera gusudira byihuse. Mu gusudira kabiri-gusudira hamwe no kuzenguruka nabi (urumuri rw'imbere rukora kuri weld, naho urumuri rw'inyuma rukora ku isahani yuzuye), ibiti byombi bigira ingaruka zinyuranye. Igiti cyambere gishonga ingingo, naho urumuri rwa nyuma rushonga isahani yuzuye kugirango yuzuze. icyuho. Muri iki gihe, urumuri rwimbere rusabwa gusudira mu isahani ikonje, kandi umuvuduko wo gusudira uratinda kuruta gukoresha inguni nziza. Kandi kubera ingaruka zo gushyushya urumuri rwabanje, urumuri rwa nyuma ruzashonga ibintu byinshi byisahani munsi yimbaraga zimwe. Muri iki gihe, imbaraga za laser ya nyuma zigomba kugabanuka muburyo bukwiye. Mugereranije, ukoresheje inguni nziza yo kuzenguruka irashobora kongera umuvuduko ukwiye wo gusudira, kandi gukoresha inguni mbi yo kuzenguruka bishobora kugera ku kuzuza icyuho cyiza. Igicapo 6-36 cerekana ingaruka zinguni zinyuranye zizunguruka kumurongo wambukiranya.
3.4 Gusudira kabiri-laser yo gusudira amasahani manini Hamwe nogutezimbere urwego rwingufu za laser hamwe nubwiza bwibiti, gusudira lazeri yamasahani manini byabaye impamo. Nyamara, kubera ko lazeri zifite ingufu nyinshi zihenze kandi gusudira amasahani manini cyane bisaba ibyuma byuzuza, hariho imbogamizi mubikorwa nyabyo. Ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji yo gusudira ya lazeri ebyiri ntishobora kongera ingufu za lazeri gusa, ahubwo ishobora no kongera ingufu za diameter nziza yo gushyushya urumuri, kongera ubushobozi bwo gushonga insinga zuzuza, guhagarika urufunguzo rwa lazeri, kuzamura umutekano wo gusudira, no kuzamura ubwiza bwo gusudira.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-29-2024
