Gushiraho no guteza imbere urufunguzo:
Ibisobanuro bya Keyhole: Iyo imishwarara yimirasire irenze 10 ^ 6W / cm ^ 2, ubuso bwibintu burashonga kandi bugashira munsi ya laser.Iyo umuvuduko wo guhumeka ari munini bihagije, umuvuduko wibyuka wumuyaga urahagije kugirango uhangane nubushyuhe bwubuso hamwe nuburemere bwamazi bwicyuma cyamazi, bityo bimure bimwe mubyuma byamazi, bituma pisine yashongeshejwe mukarere gashimishije kurohama no gukora ibyobo bito ;Urumuri rwumucyo rukora munsi yurwobo ruto, bigatuma icyuma gishonga kandi kigahumeka.Umuvuduko ukabije wumuyaga ukomeje guhatira icyuma cyamazi munsi yumwobo gutembera werekeza hafi yikidendezi cyashongeshejwe, bikarushaho kwimbuka umwobo muto.Iyi nzira irakomeza, amaherezo ikora urufunguzo nkumwobo mubyuma byamazi.Iyo umuvuduko wibyuma byumuyaga uterwa nigiti cya laser mumwobo muto ugeze kuringaniza hamwe nuburemere bwubuso hamwe nuburemere bwicyuma cyamazi, umwobo muto ntuba ukimbuka kandi ugakora umwobo muto uhamye, bita "umwobo muto" .
Mugihe urumuri rwa lazeri rugenda ugereranije nakazi, umwobo muto werekana imbere gato ugoramye imbere hamwe na mpandeshatu ihindagurika inyuma.Uruhande rwimbere rwumwobo muto nigice cyibikorwa bya lazeri, hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe numuvuduko mwinshi wumuyaga, mugihe ubushyuhe bwuruhande rwinyuma buba buri hasi kandi umuvuduko wumwuka ni muto.Munsi yu muvuduko nubushyuhe butandukanye, amazi yashongeshejwe atembera hafi yumwobo muto kuva kumpera yimbere kugeza kumpera yinyuma, bigakora umuyaga kuruhande rwinyuma rwumwobo muto, amaherezo ugakomera kumpera yinyuma.Imiterere yingirakamaro yurufunguzo rwabonetse binyuze mumashusho ya laser hamwe no gusudira nyirizina irerekanwa mumashusho yavuzwe haruguru, Imiterere yimyobo mito hamwe nogutemba kwamazi yashongeshejwe mugihe cyurugendo mumuvuduko utandukanye.
Bitewe no kuba hari ibyobo bito, ingufu za lazeri zinjira mumbere yibikoresho, bikora ubu buryo bwimbitse kandi bugufi.Ubusanzwe ibice byambukiranya ibice bya laser byimbitse byinjira mubudodo byerekanwe mubishusho byavuzwe haruguru.Ubujyakuzimu bwinjira mubudodo bwogosha bwegereye ubujyakuzimu bwurufunguzo (mubyukuri, igipimo cya metallografiya ni 60-100um zimbitse kuruta urufunguzo, urwego ruto ruto).Iyo hejuru ya lazeri yingufu zingana, niko umwobo muto ugera, kandi nuburebure bwimbitse bwikizunguruka.Mu gusudira cyane-laser yo gusudira, ubujyakuzimu ntarengwa bwubugari bwikigereranyo cya weld irashobora kugera kuri 12: 1.
Isesengura ryo kwinjizaingufu za laserna urufunguzo
Mbere yo gukora ibyobo bito na plasma, ingufu za lazeri zoherezwa cyane imbere imbere yakazi binyuze mumashanyarazi.Igikorwa cyo gusudira ni icyuma cyo gusudira (gifite ubujyakuzimu bwa munsi ya 0.5mm), kandi igipimo cyo kwinjiza lazeri kiri hagati ya 25-45%.Iyo urufunguzo rumaze gushingwa, ingufu za lazeri zinjizwa cyane cyane imbere yimbere yakazi binyuze mu ngaruka zifunguzo, kandi uburyo bwo gusudira buba bwimbitse cyane (hamwe nuburebure bwimbitse burenga 0.5mm), igipimo cyo kwinjira gishobora kugera hejuru ya 60-90%.
Ingaruka y'urufunguzo igira uruhare runini mugutezimbere kwinjiza lazeri mugihe cyo gutunganya nka gusudira laser, gukata, no gucukura.Urumuri rwa lazeri rwinjira mu rufunguzo rwinjiye rwose binyuze mu bitekerezo byinshi biva ku rukuta rw'umwobo.
Muri rusange abantu bemeza ko uburyo bwo kwinjiza ingufu za laser imbere muri urufunguzo rurimo inzira ebyiri: kwinjiza inyuma no kwinjiza Fresnel.
Kuringaniza igitutu imbere yurufunguzo
Mugihe cyo gusudira cyane cya laser, ibikoresho bigenda byuka cyane, kandi umuvuduko wo kwaguka uturuka kumasoko yubushyuhe bwo hejuru wirukana ibyuma byamazi, bigakora umwobo muto.Usibye umuvuduko wumuyaga hamwe nigitutu cyo gukuraho (bizwi kandi ko imbaraga zoguhumeka cyangwa imbaraga zisubira inyuma) yibikoresho, hariho kandi impagarara zubuso, umuvuduko wamazi wamazi uterwa nuburemere, hamwe numuvuduko wamazi uturuka kumyuka yibintu byashongeshejwe imbere muri umwobo muto.Muri iyo mikazo, umuvuduko wamazi gusa ukomeza gufungura umwobo muto, mugihe izindi mbaraga eshatu ziharanira gufunga umwobo muto.Kugirango ugumane urufunguzo rwimfunguzo mugihe cyo gusudira, umuvuduko wumuyaga ugomba kuba uhagije kugirango utsinde izindi mbogamizi kandi ugere kuburinganire, bikomeza umutekano muremure wurufunguzo.Kubworoshye, muri rusange abantu bemeza ko imbaraga zikora kurukuta rwurufunguzo ahanini ari igitutu cyo gukuraho (icyuma cya vapor recoil pressure) hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Guhungabana kwa Keyhole
Amavu n'amavuko: Laser ikora hejuru yibikoresho, bigatuma ibyuma byinshi bishira.Umuvuduko wa recoil ukanda kuri pisine yashongeshejwe, ugakora urufunguzo na plasma, bigatuma ubwiyongere bwimbitse.Mugihe cyo kwimuka, lazeri ikubita urukuta rwimbere rwurufunguzo, kandi aho laser ihurira nibikoresho bizatera umwuka mubi cyane.Muri icyo gihe, urukuta rw'urufunguzo ruzagira igihombo kinini, kandi guhumeka bizakora umuvuduko ukabije uzamanuka ku cyuma gisukuye, bigatuma urukuta rw'imbere rw'urufunguzo ruhindagurika munsi kandi ruzenguruka munsi y'urufunguzo rugana kuri inyuma ya pisine yashongeshejwe.Bitewe nihindagurika rya pisine yashongeshejwe kuva kurukuta rwimbere kugeza kurukuta rwinyuma, ingano yimbere muri urufunguzo ihora ihinduka, Umuvuduko wimbere wurufunguzo nawo uhinduka ukurikije, ibyo bigatuma habaho impinduka mubunini bwa plasma yatewe .Guhindura ingano ya plasma biganisha ku mpinduka zo gukingira, kugabanuka, no kwinjiza ingufu za laser, bikavamo impinduka zingufu za lazeri zigera hejuru yibintu.Inzira yose irahinduka kandi ikigihe, amaherezo bikavamo icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma kandi cyinjira mu cyuma, kandi nta cyuma cyinjira cyoroshye kiringaniye, Igishushanyo cyavuzwe haruguru ni uguhuza ibice hagati ya weld yabonetse kubwo gukata igihe kirekire ugereranije na Hagati yo gusudira, kimwe nigihe-nyacyo cyo gupima urufunguzo rwimbitseIPG-KERA nk'ibimenyetso.
Kunoza icyerekezo gihamye cyurufunguzo
Mugihe cyo gusudira cyimbitse cya laser, ituze ryumwobo muto rishobora gukemurwa gusa nuburinganire bwingutu bwimyuka itandukanye imbere yumwobo.Nyamara, kwinjiza ingufu za laser kurukuta rwumwobo no guhumeka ibikoresho, gusohora imyuka yicyuma hanze yumwobo muto, hamwe no kugenda imbere yumwobo muto na pisine yashongeshejwe byose ni inzira ikomeye kandi yihuse.Mubihe bimwe byimikorere, mugihe runaka mugihe cyo gusudira, haribishoboka ko ituze ryumwobo muto rishobora guhungabana mubice byaho, bigatuma habaho gusudira.Ibisanzwe kandi bisanzwe ni utuntu duto twa pore inenge hamwe na spatter iterwa no gusenyuka kwurufunguzo;
Nigute ushobora gutezimbere urufunguzo?
Imihindagurikire y’amazi y’urufunguzo aragoye kandi arimo ibintu byinshi cyane (umurima wubushyuhe, umurima utemba, imbaraga zumuriro, optoelectronic physics), ushobora kuvunagurwa mubice bibiri: isano iri hagati yubushyuhe bwikirere hamwe nicyuka cyumuyaga wumuyaga;Umuvuduko ukabije wumuyaga wibyuma ukora muburyo butaziguye kubyara urufunguzo, bifitanye isano rya bugufi nuburebure nubunini bwurufunguzo.Muri icyo gihe, nkibintu byonyine bizamuka byuka byumuyaga mubyuma byo gusudira, nabyo bifitanye isano rya bugufi no kubaho kwa spatter;Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bugira ingaruka kumigezi ya elegitoronike;
Uburyo bwo gusudira bwa lazeri butajegajega biterwa no gukomeza gukwirakwiza igipimo cy’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru muri pisine yashongeshejwe, nta guhindagurika cyane.Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bujyanye no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, naho gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bifitanye isano nubushyuhe.Kubwibyo, guhuriza hamwe ubushyuhe hamwe no gusudira ni inzira ya tekiniki yuburyo bwo gusudira buhamye;
Umwuka wibyuma nubunini bwurufunguzo bigomba kwitondera ingaruka za plasma nubunini bwo gufungura urufunguzo.Ninini yo gufungura, nini nini nini, hamwe nihindagurika ridakuka mugice cyo hasi cya pisine yashonga, bifite ingaruka nkeya ugereranije nubunini rusange bwurufunguzo hamwe nimpinduka zumuvuduko wimbere;Guhindura impeta yuburyo bwa laser (ikibanza cyumwaka), laser arc recombination, modulation modulation, nibindi nibyerekezo byose bishobora kwagurwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-01-2023
