Mu myaka yashize, kubera iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu, gusudira laser byinjiye mu nganda zose z’ingufu kubera ibyiza byihuse kandi bihamye. Muri byo, ibikoresho byo gusudira lazeri bifite umubare munini wibisabwa mu nganda zose nshya.
Gusudira Laserbyahindutse byihuse guhitamo kwambere mubyiciro byose kubera umuvuduko wihuse, ubujyakuzimu bunini, hamwe no guhindura ibintu bito. Kuva gusudira ahantu kugeza gusudira, kubaka no gufunga kashe,gusudiraitanga ibisobanuro bitagereranywa no kugenzura. Ifite uruhare runini mu musaruro w’inganda n’inganda, harimo inganda za gisirikare, ubuvuzi, icyogajuru, ibice 3 by’imodoka, ibyuma byerekana imashini, ingufu nshya n’inganda.
Ugereranije nubundi buryo bwo gusudira, gusudira laser bifite ibyiza byihariye nibibi.
Ibyiza:
1. Umuvuduko wihuse, ubujyakuzimu bunini no guhindura ibintu bito.
2. Gusudira birashobora gukorwa mubushyuhe busanzwe cyangwa mubihe bidasanzwe, kandi ibikoresho byo gusudira biroroshye. Kurugero, urumuri rwa laser ntirugenda mumashanyarazi. Lazeri irashobora gusudira mu cyuho, mu kirere cyangwa mu bice bimwe na bimwe bya gaze, kandi irashobora gusudira ibikoresho binyujijwe mu kirahure cyangwa mu mucyo kugeza ku rumuri.
3. Irashobora gusudira ibikoresho bivunika nka titanium na quartz, kandi irashobora no gusudira ibikoresho bidasa nibisubizo byiza.
4. Nyuma ya lazeri yibanze, ubucucike buri hejuru. Ikigereranyo cya aspect gishobora kugera kuri 5: 1, kandi gishobora kugera kuri 10: 1 mugihe cyo gusudira ibikoresho bifite ingufu nyinshi.
5. Gusudira Micro birashobora gukorwa. Nyuma ya lazeri yibanze, umwanya muto urashobora kuboneka kandi ushobora guhagarikwa neza. Irashobora gukoreshwa mu guterana no gusudira mikoro ntoya n'ibikorwa bito kugirango bigere ku musaruro wikora.
6. Irashobora gusudira bigoye kugera ahantu kandi igakora idahuza intera ndende yo gusudira, hamwe nubworoherane bukomeye. By'umwihariko mu myaka yashize, tekinoroji yo gutunganya lazeri ya YAG yakoresheje tekinoroji yo gukwirakwiza fibre optique, ituma tekinoroji yo gusudira ya laser yatezwa imbere kandi igashyirwa mu bikorwa.
7. Urumuri rwa lazeri rworoshye kugabanywa mugihe n'umwanya, kandi ibiti byinshi birashobora gutunganyirizwa ahantu hamwe icyarimwe, bigatanga uburyo bwo gusudira neza.
Inenge:
1. Iteraniro ryukuri ryibikorwa bisabwa kuba hejuru, kandi umwanya wibiti kumurongo wakazi ntushobora gutandukana cyane. Ni ukubera ko ubunini bwa laser nyuma yo kwibanda ari buto kandi isuderi yo gusudira iragufi, kuburyo bigoye kongeramo ibikoresho byuzuza. Niba inteko isobanutse neza yakazi cyangwa igenamigambi ryukuri ryibiti bitujuje ibisabwa, inenge zo gusudira zikunda kugaragara.
2. Igiciro cya laseri na sisitemu zijyanye nayo ni kinini, kandi ishoramari rimwe ni rinini.
Inenge isanzwe yo gusudiramu gukora batiri ya lithium
1. Gusudira
Inenge zisanzwe murigusudirani imyenge. Ikidendezi cyashongeshejwe ni cyimbitse kandi kigufi. Mugihe cyo gusudira laser, azote yinjira muri pisine yashongeshejwe hanze. Mugihe cyo gukonjesha no gukomera kwicyuma, imbaraga za azote zigabanuka hamwe nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe. Iyo icyuma gishongeshejwe icyuma gikonje kugirango gitangire koroha, ,, gukomera bizagabanuka cyane kandi gitunguranye. Muri iki gihe, gaze nini izagwa kugirango ibe myinshi. Niba umuvuduko wo kureremba wibibyimba uri munsi yicyuma cyo korohereza ibyuma, imyenge izabyara.
Mubisabwa mubikorwa bya batiri ya lithium, dusanga akenshi imyenge ishobora kugaragara mugihe cyo gusudira electrode nziza, ariko ntibikunze kubaho mugihe cyo gusudira electrode mbi. Ni ukubera ko electrode nziza ikozwe muri aluminium na electrode mbi ikozwe mu muringa. Mugihe cyo gusudira, aluminiyumu yuzuye hejuru yegeranye mbere yuko gaze yimbere yuzuye, bikabuza gaze gutemba no gukora ibyobo binini kandi bito. Stomata nto.
Usibye ibitera imyenge yavuzwe haruguru, imyenge irimo n'umwuka wo hanze, ubushuhe, amavuta yo hejuru, n'ibindi.
Kubijyanye nuburyo bwo kugabanya ibibaho byo gusudira?
Icyambere, mberegusudira, amavuta yanduye hamwe numwanda hejuru yibikoresho byinjira bigomba gusukurwa mugihe; mukubyara bateri ya lithium, kugenzura ibikoresho byinjira ninzira yingenzi.
Icya kabiri, gazi ikingira igomba guhinduka ukurikije ibintu nkumuvuduko wo gusudira, imbaraga, umwanya, nibindi, kandi ntibigomba kuba binini cyane cyangwa bito cyane. Umuvuduko ukingira umwenda ugomba guhindurwa ukurikije ibintu nkimbaraga za laser hamwe nu mwanya wibanze, kandi ntibigomba kuba hejuru cyane cyangwa hasi cyane. Imiterere yumwenda urinda nozzle igomba guhindurwa ukurikije imiterere, icyerekezo nibindi bintu byo gusudira kugirango umwenda urinda ushobora gupfukirana ahantu ho gusudira.
Icya gatatu, genzura ubushyuhe, ubushuhe n'umukungugu mwikirere mumahugurwa. Ubushyuhe bw’ibidukikije n’ubushuhe bizagira ingaruka ku butumburuke buri hejuru ya substrate na gaze ikingira, ibyo na byo bizagira ingaruka ku gisekuru no guhunga imyuka y’amazi muri pisine yashongeshejwe. Niba ubushyuhe bwibidukikije nubushuhe biri hejuru cyane, hazaba hari ubuhehere bwinshi hejuru yubutaka bwa substrate na gaze ikingira, bikabyara imyuka myinshi yamazi, bikavamo imyenge. Niba ubushyuhe bwibidukikije nubushuhe biri hasi cyane, hazaba ubushyuhe buke cyane hejuru yubutaka ndetse no muri gaze ikingira, kugabanya kubyara imyuka y'amazi, bityo bikagabanya imyenge; reka abakozi beza bamenye intego yubushyuhe, ubushuhe n ivumbi kuri sitasiyo yo gusudira.
Icya kane, uburyo bwo guhinduranya ibiti bikoreshwa mukugabanya cyangwa kurandura imyenge muri laser yo kwinjira cyane. Bitewe no kongeramo swing mugihe cyo gusudira, gusubiranamo kwizengurutsa ryibiti kumurongo weld bitera gutera inshuro nyinshi igice cyikidodo, cyongerera igihe cyo gutura cyuma cyamazi muri pisine yo gusudira. Muri icyo gihe, gutandukana kw'igiti na byo byongera ubushyuhe bwinjiza kuri buri gace. Ikigereranyo cyimbitse-y'ubugari bwa weld iragabanuka, ibyo bikaba bifasha kugaragara kw'ibibyimba, bityo bikuraho imyenge. Ku rundi ruhande, kuzunguruka kw'igiti bitera umwobo muto guhindagurika bikurikije, ibyo bikaba bishobora no gutanga imbaraga zitera pisine yo gusudira, kongera convection no gukurura pisine yo gusudira, kandi bikagira ingaruka nziza mukurandura imyenge.
Icya gatanu, inshuro ya pulse, inshuro ya pulse bivuga umubare wimisemburo itangwa na lazeri ya lazeri kumwanya umwe, bizagira ingaruka kumyuka yubushyuhe no kwegeranya ubushyuhe muri pisine yashongeshejwe, hanyuma bikagira ingaruka kumurima wubushyuhe no kumurima utemba mumashanyarazi. pisine. Niba impanuka ya pulse ari ndende cyane, bizatuma ubushyuhe bwinjira cyane muri pisine yashongeshejwe, bigatuma ubushyuhe bwa pisine yashongeshejwe buba hejuru cyane, butanga imyuka yicyuma cyangwa ibindi bintu bihindagurika mubushyuhe bwinshi, bikavamo imyenge. Niba impanuka ya pulse iba mike cyane, bizatuma habaho ubushyuhe budahagije muri pisine yashongeshejwe, bigatuma ubushyuhe bwa pisine yashongeshejwe buba buke cyane, bigabanya gushonga no guhunga gaze, bikavamo imyenge. Muri rusange, inshuro ya pulse igomba guhitamo murwego rushimishije rushingiye kububyimbye bwa substrate nimbaraga za laser, kandi ukirinda kuba hejuru cyane cyangwa hasi cyane.
Umwobo wo gusudira (gusudira laser)
2. Weld spatter
Spatter yakozwe mugihe cyo gusudira, gusudira laser bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yubuso, kandi bizanduza kandi byangiza lens. Imikorere rusange niyi ikurikira: nyuma yo gusudira lazeri irangiye, ibice byinshi byicyuma bigaragara hejuru yibikoresho cyangwa igihangano hanyuma bikomeka hejuru yibintu cyangwa akazi. Igikorwa cyimbitse cyane ni uko mugihe cyo gusudira muburyo bwa galvanometero, nyuma yigihe cyo gukoresha lens ikingira ya galvanometero, hazaba ibyobo byuzuye hejuru, kandi ibyo byobo biterwa no gusudira spatter. Nyuma yigihe kinini, biroroshye guhagarika urumuri, kandi hazabaho ibibazo byumucyo wo gusudira, bikavamo urukurikirane rwibibazo nko gusudira kumenetse no gusudira.
Ni izihe mpamvu zitera gusebanya?
Ubwa mbere, ubucucike bwimbaraga, niko imbaraga zingana, niko byoroshye kubyara spatter, kandi spatter ifitanye isano itaziguye nubucucike bwimbaraga. Iki nikibazo kimaze ibinyejana byinshi. Nibura kugeza ubu, inganda ntizashoboye gukemura ikibazo cyo gusenyuka, kandi zishobora kuvuga gusa ko yagabanutseho gato. Mu nganda za batiri ya lithium, kumenagura ni yo nyirabayazana wa bateri ya bugufi, ariko ntabwo yashoboye gukemura intandaro. Ingaruka ya spatter kuri bateri irashobora kugabanuka gusa muburyo bwo kurinda. Kurugero, uruziga rwicyambu cyo gukuramo ivumbi nigifuniko cyo gukingira byongeweho hafi yo gusudira, kandi umurongo wibyuma byo mu kirere byongerwaho uruziga kugirango wirinde ingaruka ziterwa na spatter cyangwa ndetse no kwangiza bateri. Gusenya ibidukikije, ibicuruzwa nibigize hafi ya sitasiyo yo gusudira birashobora kuvugwa ko byananiye uburyo.
Kubijyanye no gukemura ikibazo cya spatter, hashobora kuvugwa gusa ko kugabanya ingufu zo gusudira bifasha kugabanya spatter. Kugabanya umuvuduko wo gusudira birashobora kandi gufasha niba kwinjira bidahagije. Ariko mubintu bimwe byihariye bisabwa, ntabwo bigira ingaruka nke. Nuburyo bumwe, imashini zitandukanye nibice bitandukanye byibikoresho bifite ingaruka zitandukanye zo gusudira. Kubwibyo, hariho itegeko ritanditse mu nganda nshya zingufu, igice kimwe cyibipimo byo gusudira kubikoresho bimwe.
Icya kabiri, niba ubuso bwibikoresho byatunganijwe cyangwa ibihangano bidakozwe neza, irangi ryamavuta cyangwa umwanda nabyo bizatera ibintu bikomeye. Muri iki gihe, ikintu cyoroshye ni ugusukura hejuru yibikoresho byatunganijwe.
3. Kugaragaza cyane kwa laser yo gusudira
Muri rusange, gutekereza cyane bivuga ko ibikoresho bitunganyirizwa bifite imbaraga nke zo guhangana, hejuru ugereranije neza, hamwe nigipimo gito cyo kwinjiza hafi ya lazeri hafi ya infragre, biganisha ku myuka myinshi ya lazeri, kandi kubera ko hakoreshejwe lazeri nyinshi. muri vertical Bitewe nibikoresho cyangwa umubare muto wubushake, urumuri rwa lazeri rugaruka rwongeye kwinjira mumutwe usohoka, ndetse igice cyumucyo ugaruka gihujwe na fibre yohereza ingufu, hanyuma ikoherezwa inyuma ya fibre imbere. ya laser, gukora ibice byingenzi imbere muri laser bikomeza kuba mubushyuhe bwinshi.
Iyo kwigaragaza ari hejuru cyane mugihe cyo gusudira laser, ibisubizo bikurikira birashobora gufatwa:
3.1 Koresha igipfunsi cyo kurwanya-kugaragariza cyangwa kuvura hejuru yibikoresho: gutwikira hejuru yibikoresho byo gusudira hamwe na anti-reaction bishobora kugabanya neza uburyo bwo kwerekana lazeri. Ubusanzwe iyi shitingi ni ibikoresho bidasanzwe bya optique bifite ubushobozi buke bwo gukuramo ingufu za laser aho kubigaragaza inyuma. Mubikorwa bimwe, nkibisanzwe byegeranya gusudira, guhuza byoroshye, nibindi, ubuso nabwo burashobora gushushanywa.
3.2 Hindura inguni yo gusudira: Muguhindura inguni yo gusudira, urumuri rwa lazeri rushobora kuba ku bikoresho byo gusudira ku buryo bukwiye kandi bikagabanya kugaragara. Mubisanzwe, kugira laser beam ibyabaye perpendicularly hejuru yibikoresho bigomba gusudwa nuburyo bwiza bwo kugabanya ibitekerezo.
3.3 Ongeramo ibikoresho bifasha: Mugihe cyo gusudira, umubare munini wibikoresho bifasha, nka poro cyangwa amazi, byongewe kuri weld. Ibyo byinjira bikurura ingufu za laser kandi bikagabanya kwigaragaza. Ibyingenzi bikwiye bigomba gutoranywa hashingiwe kubikoresho byihariye byo gusudira hamwe nibisabwa. Mu nganda za batiri ya lithium, ibi ntibishoboka.
3.4 Koresha fibre optique kugirango wohereze laser: Niba bishoboka, fibre optique irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango wohereze laser kumwanya wo gusudira kugirango ugabanye ibitekerezo. Fibre optique irashobora kuyobora urumuri rwa lazeri ahantu ho gusudira kugirango hirindwe guhura nubuso bwibikoresho byo gusudira kandi bigabanye kugaragara.
3.5 Guhindura ibipimo bya lazeri: Muguhindura ibipimo nkimbaraga za laser, uburebure bwibanze, na diameter yibanze, ikwirakwizwa ryingufu za lazeri rirashobora kugenzurwa kandi ibitekerezo bishobora kugabanuka. Kubikoresho bimwe byerekana, kugabanya ingufu za laser birashobora kuba inzira nziza yo kugabanya ibitekerezo.
3.6 Koresha ibice bitandukanya ibiti: Igice cyo kumurika kirashobora kuyobora igice cyingufu za lazeri mugikoresho cyinjiza, bityo bikagabanya kugaragara kubitekerezo. Ibikoresho byo gutandukanya ibiti mubisanzwe bigizwe nibice bya optique hamwe na sisitemu, kandi muguhitamo ibice bikwiye no guhindura imiterere yibikoresho, kugaragariza hasi birashobora kugerwaho.
4. Gusudira munsi
Mubikorwa bya batiri ya lithium, niyihe nzira ishobora gutera kugabanuka? Kuki kugabanuka bibaho? Reka tubisesengure.
Munsi, muri rusange ibikoresho byo gusudira ntibishobora guhuzwa neza hamwe, icyuho ni kinini cyane cyangwa igikoni kigaragara, ubujyakuzimu n'ubugari burenze hejuru ya 0.5mm, uburebure bwose burenze 10% by'uburebure bwa weld, cyangwa birenze ibicuruzwa bitunganijwe bisanzwe uburebure bwasabwe.
Mubikorwa byose byo gukora batiri ya lithium, kugabanuka birashoboka cyane, kandi mubisanzwe bikwirakwizwa mugushiraho mbere yo gusudira no gusudira icyapa cya silindrike hamwe no gufunga mbere yo gusudira no gusudira icyapa cya aluminiyumu. Impamvu nyamukuru nuko icyapa gifunga kashe gikeneye gufatanya nigikonoshwa kuri Welding, inzira yo guhuza icyapa gifunga kashe hamwe nigikonoshwa gikunze kuba icyuho cyinshi cyo gusudira, ibinono, gusenyuka, nibindi, bityo rero bikunda kwibasirwa cyane. .
None niki gitera kugabanuka?
Niba umuvuduko wo gusudira wihuta cyane, icyuma cyamazi inyuma yumwobo muto werekeza hagati ya weld ntikizabona umwanya wo kugabana, bikavamo gukomera no kugabanuka kumpande zombi za weld. Urebye uko byavuzwe haruguru, dukeneye guhindura ibipimo byo gusudira. Kubivuga mu buryo bworoshye, birasubirwamo ubushakashatsi kugirango tumenye ibipimo bitandukanye, kandi ukomeze gukora DOE kugeza ibipimo biboneye bibonetse.
2. Ibyuho bikabije byo gusudira, ibinono, gusenyuka, nibindi bikoresho byo gusudira bizagabanya ubwinshi bwicyuma gishongeshejwe cyuzuza icyuho, bigatuma insimburangingo zishobora kubaho. Iki nikibazo cyibikoresho nibikoresho fatizo. Niba ibikoresho fatizo byo gusudira byujuje ibyangombwa byinjira mubikorwa byacu, niba ibikoresho byukuri byujuje ibisabwa, nibindi. Imyitozo isanzwe ni uguhora iyicarubozo no gukubita abatanga ibicuruzwa hamwe nabantu bashinzwe ibikoresho.
3. Niba ingufu zigabanutse vuba kurangiza gusudira lazeri, umwobo muto urashobora gusenyuka, bikaviramo kugabanuka. Guhuza neza imbaraga n'umuvuduko birashobora gukumira neza ishyirwaho rya undercuts. Nkuko byavuzwe kera, subiramo ubushakashatsi, genzura ibipimo bitandukanye, hanyuma ukomeze UKORA kugeza ubonye ibipimo byiza.
5. Gusenyuka hagati
Niba umuvuduko wo gusudira utinda, pisine yashongeshejwe izaba nini kandi yagutse, byongera ubwinshi bwicyuma gishongeshejwe. Ibi birashobora gutuma gukomeza guhagarika umutima bigorana. Iyo icyuma gishongeshejwe kiremereye cyane, hagati ya weld irashobora kurohama igakora ibinogo nibyobo. Muri iki gihe, ubucucike bwingufu bugomba kugabanuka muburyo bukwiye kugirango birinde gushonga kwa pisine.
Muyindi mimerere, icyuho cyo gusudira gitera gusenyuka gusa bidateye gutobora. Nta gushidikanya ko arikibazo cyibikoresho bikanda neza.
Gusobanukirwa neza inenge zishobora kubaho mugihe cyo gusudira laser hamwe nimpamvu zinenge zitandukanye zituma habaho uburyo bunoze bwo gukemura ibibazo byose byo gusudira bidasanzwe.
6. Gusudira
Ibibyimba bigaragara mugihe cyo gukomeza gusudira lazeri ahanini ni ibice byumuriro, nkibisasu bya kirisiti hamwe nibisukari. Impamvu nyamukuru itera ibyo bice ni imbaraga nini zo kugabanuka zakozwe na weld mbere yuko ikomera rwose.
Hariho n'impamvu zikurikira zo gucika muri laser yo gusudira:
1. Igisubizo nuguhindura igishushanyo cyo gusudira kugirango wirinde guhangayikishwa no gusudira. Urashobora gukoresha offset ikwiye, guhindura imiterere ya weld, nibindi.
2. Igisubizo nuguhindura ibipimo byo gusudira kugirango bihuze ibintu byihariye hamwe nuburyo bwo gusudira.
3. Gutegura nabi hejuru yo gusudira: Kunanirwa gusukura neza no kubanza kuvura ubuso bwo gusudira mbere yo gusudira, nko gukuramo okiside, amavuta, nibindi, bizagira ingaruka kumiterere n'imbaraga za weld kandi byoroshye kuganisha kumeneka. Igisubizo ni ugusukura bihagije no kubanza kuvura hejuru yo gusudira kugirango harebwe niba umwanda hamwe nuwanduye mukarere ko gusudira bivurwa neza.
4. . Igisubizo nukugenzura ubushyuhe nubukonje mugihe cyo gusudira kugirango wirinde gushyuha no gukonja vuba.
5. Kugabanya imihangayiko idahagije: Kuvura imihangayiko idahagije nyuma yo gusudira bizavamo kugabanya imihangayiko idahagije ahantu hasudutse, bizaviramo gucika byoroshye. Igisubizo nugukora uburyo bukwiye bwo kugabanya ibibazo nyuma yo gusudira, nko kuvura ubushyuhe cyangwa kuvura vibrasiya (impamvu nyamukuru).
Kubijyanye nuburyo bwo gukora bateri ya lithium, niyihe nzira ishobora gutera ibice?
Mubisanzwe, ibice bikunze kugaragara mugihe cyo gusudira kashe, nko gufunga gusudira ibyuma bya silindrike cyangwa ibishishwa bya aluminiyumu, gufunga gusudira kwa shitingi ya aluminiyumu, nibindi. gucamo.
Birumvikana ko dushobora kandi gukoresha insinga zuzuza, gushyushya cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho ibyo bice.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-01-2023
